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The olefin feed to an alkylation unit generally originates from a FCCU and contains butene, isobutene, and possibly propene and/or amylenes. The olefin feed is also likely to contain diluents (such as propane, n-butane, and n-pentane), noncondensables (such as ethane and hydrogen) and contaminants. Diluents in principle have no effect on the ...
Temperatures in the range of 60-120°C form higher molecular weight trialkylaluminium while higher temperatures (e.g., 120-150 °C) cause thermal displacement reactions that afford α-olefin chains. Above 150 °C, dimerization of the α-olefins occurs.
Typical route for alkylation of benzene with ethylene and ZSM-5 as a heterogeneous catalyst. Alkylation is a chemical reaction that entails transfer of an alkyl group. The alkyl group may be transferred as an alkyl carbocation, a free radical, a carbanion, or a carbene (or their equivalents). [1] Alkylating agents are reagents for
The products produced in the reaction depend on the composition of the feed, the hydrocarbon-to-steam ratio, and on the cracking temperature and furnace residence time. Light hydrocarbon feeds such as ethane, LPGs, or light naphtha give mainly lighter alkenes, including ethylene, propylene, and butadiene.
The FCC LPG is an important source of C 3 –C 4 olefins and isobutane that are essential feeds for the alkylation process and the production of polymers such as polypropylene. [citation needed] Typical yields of a UOP Fluid Catalytic Cracker (volume, feed basis, ~23 API feedstock and 74% conversion) [13]
“If we all start relying on animal-based food sources, we can't feed the world,” he says. “Let's be clear about this. There's no way. We're going to be in trouble.” ...
Alkylated naphthalenes are chemical compounds made by the alkylation of naphthalene or its derivatives with an olefin. These compounds are used as synthetic base oils, and are claimed to have improved oxidative stability over some conventional base oils.
(The Center Square) – While recognized as a delicacy around the world, state lawmakers may advance a proposal Wednesday to outlaw foie gras and the practice of “force-feeding” across Washington.