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Salvia officinalis, the common sage or sage, is a perennial, evergreen subshrub, with woody stems, grayish leaves, and blue to purplish flowers. It is a member of the mint family Lamiaceae and native to the Mediterranean region , though it has been naturalized in many places throughout the world.
The naming of distinct Salvia species has undergone regular revision, with many species being renamed, merged, and reclassified over the years. Salvia officinalis (common sage), for example, has been cultivated for thousands of years, yet has been named and described under six different scientific names since 1940 alone. At one time there were ...
Salvia officinalis subsp. lavandulifolia, synonym Salvia lavandulifolia, [1] (Spanish sage) is a small woody herbaceous perennial native to Spain and southern France, growing in rocky soil in Maquis shrubland, often found growing with rosemary, Lavandula lanata, and Genista cinerea.
Also called English, Garden, and True sage oil. Made by steam distillation of Salvia officinalis partially dried leaves. Yields range from 0.5 to 1.0%. A colorless to yellow liquid with a warm camphoraceous, thujone-like odor and sharp and bitter taste. The main components of the oil are thujone (50%), camphor, pinene, and cineol.
Salvia (/ ˈ s æ l v i ə /) [3] is the largest genus of plants in the sage family Lamiaceae, with just under 1,000 species of shrubs, herbaceous perennials, and annuals. [4] [5] [6] Within the Lamiaceae, Salvia is part of the tribe Mentheae within the subfamily Nepetoideae. [4]
This species has many common names, reflecting its widespread use as a medicinal plant. In the Spanish Caribbean it is known as salvia blanca, salvia cimarron, salvia del pais, salvia santa, salvia olorosa, and salvia real, amongst others, all referring to its resemblance to the European herb sage (Salvia officinalis). [2]
The genus name, Salvia, was first used by Pliny for a plant that was likely Salvia officinalis (common sage) and is derived from the Latin salvere. [17] [18] The specific epithet, divinorum, was given because of the plant's traditional use in divination. [8] It is often loosely translated as "diviner's sage" or "seer's sage". [19]
Salvia apiana, the Californian white sage, bee sage, or sacred sage is an evergreen perennial shrub that is native to the southwestern United States and northwestern Mexico, found mainly in the coastal sage scrub habitat of Southern California and Baja California, on the western edges of the Mojave and Sonoran deserts.