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Furthermore, on a modern x86 system, BIOS calls can only be performed in Real mode, or Virtual 8086 mode. v8086 is not an option in Long mode. This means that a modern operating system, which operates in Protected mode (32 bit), or Long mode (64 bit), would need to switch into real mode and back to call the BIOS - a hugely expensive operation.
Initially, System Management Mode was used for implementing power management and hardware control features like Advanced Power Management (APM). However, BIOS manufacturers and OEMs have relied on SMM for newer functionality like Advanced Configuration and Power Interface (ACPI). [9] [10] Some uses of the System Management Mode are:
The term "Mode X" was coined by Abrash. Mode X is a variant of the 320 × 200 Mode 13h with the resolution increased to 320 × 240, giving square pixels instead of the slightly elongated pixels of Mode 13h. It is enabled by entering Mode 13h via an BIOS system call, then changing the values of several VGA registers.
BIOS interrupt calls perform hardware control or I/O functions requested by a program, return system information to the program, or do both. A key element of the purpose of BIOS calls is abstraction - the BIOS calls perform generally defined functions, and the specific details of how those functions are executed on the particular hardware of the system are encapsulated in the BIOS and hidden ...
The Management Engine is often confused with Intel AMT (Intel Active Management Technology). AMT runs on the ME, but is only available on processors with vPro.AMT gives device owners remote administration of their computer, [5] such as powering it on or off, and reinstalling the operating system.
XMP may refer to: Computing. Cray X-MP, a supercomputer; Extensible Metadata Platform, an ISO standard for the creation, processing and interchange of metadata for ...
Video BIOS is the BIOS of a graphics card in a (usually IBM PC-derived) computer. It initializes the graphics card at the computer's boot time. It also implements INT 10h interrupt and VESA BIOS Extensions (VBE) [ 1 ] [ 2 ] for basic text and videomode output before a specific video driver is loaded.
Typical POST screen (AMI BIOS) Typical UEFI-compliant BIOS POST screen (Phoenix Technologies BIOS) Summary screen after POST and before booting an operating system (AMI BIOS) A power-on self-test (POST) is a process performed by firmware or software routines immediately after a computer or other digital electronic device is powered on. [1]