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In object-oriented languages, string functions are often implemented as properties and methods of string objects. In functional and list-based languages a string is represented as a list (of character codes), therefore all list-manipulation procedures could be considered string functions.
For example, one might wish to find all occurrences of a "word" despite it having alternate spellings, prefixes or suffixes, etc. Another more complex type of search is regular expression searching, where the user constructs a pattern of characters or other symbols, and any match to the pattern should fulfill the search.
The picture shows two strings where the problem has multiple solutions. Although the substring occurrences always overlap, it is impossible to obtain a longer common substring by "uniting" them. The strings "ABABC", "BABCA" and "ABCBA" have only one longest common substring, viz. "ABC" of length 3.
In computer science, the Knuth–Morris–Pratt algorithm (or KMP algorithm) is a string-searching algorithm that searches for occurrences of a "word" W within a main "text string" S by employing the observation that when a mismatch occurs, the word itself embodies sufficient information to determine where the next match could begin, thus bypassing re-examination of previously matched characters.
The Boyer–Moore algorithm searches for occurrences of P in T by performing explicit character comparisons at different alignments. Instead of a brute-force search of all alignments (of which there are n − m + 1 {\displaystyle n-m+1} ), Boyer–Moore uses information gained by preprocessing P to skip as many alignments as possible.
We assume all the substrings have a fixed length m. A naïve way to search for k patterns is to repeat a single-pattern search taking O(n+m) time, totaling in O((n+m)k) time. In contrast, the above algorithm can find all k patterns in O(n+km) expected time, assuming that a hash table check works in O(1) expected time.
For example, String.class can be used instead of doing new String().getClass(). continue Used to resume program execution at the end of the current loop body. If followed by a label, continue resumes execution at the end of the enclosing labeled loop body. default
Map all occurrences of a, e, i, o, u, y, h, w. to zero(0) Replace all consonants (include the first letter) with digits as in [2.] above. Replace all adjacent same digits with one digit, and then remove all the zero (0) digits; If the saved letter's digit is the same as the resulting first digit, remove the digit (keep the letter).