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Interlaken is a royalty-free interconnect protocol.. It was invented by Cisco Systems and Cortina Systems in 2006, [1] optimized for high-bandwidth and reliable packet transfers. It builds on the channelization and per channel flow control features of SPI-4.2, while reducing the number of integrated circuit (chip) I/O pins by using high speed SerDes technology.
An Answer To Reset (ATR) is a message output by a contact Smart Card conforming to ISO/IEC 7816 standards, following electrical reset of the card's chip by a card reader. The ATR conveys information about the communication parameters proposed by the card, and the card's nature and state.
Instruction code - indicates the specific command, e.g., "select", "write data" P1-P2 2 Instruction parameters for the command, e.g., offset into file at which to write the data L c: 0, 1 or 3 Encodes the number (N c) of bytes of command data to follow 0 bytes denotes N c =0 1 byte with a value from 1 to 255 denotes N c with the same length
The physical coding sublayer (PCS) is a networking protocol sublayer in the Fast Ethernet, Gigabit Ethernet, and 10 Gigabit Ethernet standards. It resides at the top of the physical layer (PHY), and provides an interface between the physical medium attachment (PMA) sublayer and the media-independent interface (MII).
Most Cisco switches use src/dst MAC address hash as distribution method, meaning that a single session will use the bandwidth of a single interface. Other Cisco switches uses a proprietary distribution method which enable true frame round-robin, enabling maximum link speed to be the same as the sum of the interfaces composing the aggregation group.
There are several types of Cisco Interface Card. Cisco introduced the High Speed WIC, or "HWIC" with the x800 series of Cisco Integrated Service Router including the 1800, 2800, and 3800 series'. The HWIC interface is limited to 400 mega-bits per second bandwidth bidirectional. [2] With the ISR G2 x900 series Cisco introduced the Enhanced HWIC.
The Cisco Supervisor Engine serves as the management card for modular Cisco switches that can also, in some cases, act as forwarding/routing element. [1]Over time, the Supervisor Engine has undergone multiple iterations and was different for different modular switches in Cisco Portfolio (Catalyst 4000, 4500, 5000, 5500, 6000, 6500, 9400, 9600 and Nexus switches).
The real world process is of course somewhat more complex as the card can return the ARQC in one of two formats (either the simple Response Message Template Format type 1 (id. 80 16) or the more complex Response Message Template Format 2 (id. 77 16) which splits the ARQC data into separate TLV values that need to be reassembled sequentially to ...