Ad
related to: actin polymerization or depolymerization
Search results
Results from the WOW.Com Content Network
Thin filament formation depicting the polymerization mechanism for converting G-actin to F-actin; note the hydrolysis of the ATP. Actin remains one of the most abundant proteins in all of Eukarya and is an enzyme that gradually hydrolyzes ATP. It exists in two forms within eukaryotic cells: globular or G-actin and filament/filamentous or F-actin.
ADF/cofilin is a family of actin-binding proteins associated with the rapid depolymerization of actin microfilaments that give actin its characteristic dynamic instability. [1] This dynamic instability is central to actin's role in muscle contraction, cell motility and transcription regulation.
These proteins are called actin-binding proteins and they are involved in actin's polymerization, depolymerization, stability, and organisation. [115] The diversity of these proteins is such that actin is thought to be the protein that takes part in the greatest number of protein-protein interactions. [116] Atomic structure of Arp2/3. [117]
Actin plays a role in the formation of new spines as well as stabilizing spine volume increase. [1] The changes that actin brings about lead to the formation of new synapses as well as increased cell communication. Actin remodeling consists of the dynamic changes in actin polymerization that underlie the morphological changes at the neural synapse.
Some of these drugs have multiple effects on the cytoskeleton: for example, Latrunculin both prevents actin polymerization as well as enhancing its rate of depolymerization. Typically the microtubule targeting drugs can be found in the clinic where they are used therapeutically in the treatment of some forms of cancer. [ 1 ]
As a result of ATP hydrolysis, filaments elongate approximately 10 times faster at their barbed ends than their pointed ends. At steady-state, the polymerization rate at the barbed end matches the depolymerization rate at the pointed end, and microfilaments are said to be treadmilling. Treadmilling results in elongation in the barbed end and ...
This results in the stabilization of actin filaments and an increase in their numbers. Thus, over time actin monomers that are needed to continue actin polymerization for migration become limited. The increased stable actin filaments and the loss of actin monomers contribute to a reduction of cell migration. [2] [6] Cellular contractility
Capping proteins limit actin polymerization to the region activated by the Arp2/3 complex, and the elongated filament ends are recapped to prevent depolymerization and thus conserve the actin filament. [6] The Arp2/3 complex simultaneously controls nucleation of actin polymerization and branching of filaments.
Ad
related to: actin polymerization or depolymerization