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The pudendal canal (also called Alcock's canal) is an anatomical structure formed by the obturator fascia (fascia of the obturator internus muscle) lining the lateral wall of the ischioanal fossa. The internal pudendal artery and veins, and pudendal nerve pass through the pudendal canal, and the perineal nerve arises within it. [1]
The pudendal nerve is the main nerve of the perineum. [1]: 274 It is a mixed (motor and sensory) nerve and also conveys sympathetic autonomic fibers.It carries sensation from the external genitalia of both sexes and the skin around the anus and perineum, as well as the motor supply to various pelvic muscles, including the male or female external urethral sphincter and the external anal sphincter.
The pudendal nerve (along with the internal pudendal artery) then re-enters the pelvic cavity through the lesser sciatic foramen into the pudendal canal. [35] The pudendal canal is a fascial compartment located in the inferior (lower) border of the obturator internus fascia lining the lateral (side) wall of the ischiorectal fossa. [36]
Illustration of imaging from a CT-guided nerve block. The needle tip has been placed at the top of the pudendal canal to block the pudendal nerve. Diagnostic nerve blocks are very effective for identifying sensory entrapment points. Their strength is that they can directly measure whether a given nerve is contributing pain, or not.
The inferior rectal nerves (inferior anal nerves, inferior hemorrhoidal nerve) usually branch from the pudendal nerve but occasionally arises directly from the sacral plexus; they cross the ischiorectal fossa along with the inferior rectal artery and veins, toward the anal canal and the lower end of the rectum, and is distributed to the sphincter ani externus (external anal sphincter, EAS) and ...
Illustration of a CT image-guided injection of the pudendal nerve at the pudendal canal. Diagnostic nerve blocks can confirm the clinical diagnosis for chronic pain as well as identify the entrapment site. [5]
The internal pudendal vessels and pudendal nerve cross the pelvic surface of the internal obturator and are enclosed in a special canal—Alcock's canal—formed by the obturator fascia. The iliococcygeus portion of the levator ani attaches to the lateral walls of the pelvis via the obturator fascia through the tendinous arch of the obturator ...
The deep branch of the perineal nerve is a branch of the perineal nerve, itself a branch of the pudendal nerve. [1] It pierces the medial wall of the pudendal canal. [1]The dorsal nerve of the penis for males and the dorsal nerve of the clitoris for females is the terminal branch of the pudendal nerve.