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Glyptodonts are an extinct clade of large, heavily armoured armadillos, reaching up to 1.5 metres (4.9 ft) in height, and maximum body masses of around 2 tonnes.They had short, deep skulls, a fused vertebral column, and a large bony carapace made up of hundreds of individual scutes.
The remains, the largely complete skeleton of an approximately 4-year-old child, buried with pierced shell and red ochre, is dated to ca. 24,500 years BP. [1] The cranium , mandible , dentition , and rest of the skeleton present a mosaic of European early modern human and Neanderthal features.
The axial skeleton (80 bones) is formed by the vertebral column (32–34 bones; the number of the vertebrae differs from human to human as the lower 2 parts, sacral and coccygeal bone may vary in length), a part of the rib cage (12 pairs of ribs and the sternum), and the skull (22 bones and 7 associated bones).
Glyptodon (lit. ' grooved or carved tooth '; from Ancient Greek γλυπτός (gluptós) 'sculptured' and ὀδοντ-, ὀδούς (odont-, odoús) 'tooth') [1] is a genus of glyptodont, an extinct group of large, herbivorous armadillos, that lived from the Pliocene, around 3.2 million years ago, [2] to the early Holocene, around 11,000 years ago, in South America.
A modern human (left) and Neanderthal (right) skeleton at the American Museum of Natural History For comparison, the average height of 20 male and 10 female Cro-Magnons is, respectively, 176.2 cm (5 ft 9 in) and 162.9 cm (5 ft 4 in), although this decreases by 10 cm (4 in) nearer the end of the Upper Palaeolithic based on 21 males and 15 ...
The chimpanzee–human divergence likely took place around 10 to 7 million years ago. [1] The list of fossils begins with Graecopithecus, dated some 7.2 million years ago, which may or may not still be ancestral to both the human and the chimpanzee lineage.
Cheddar Man is a human male skeleton found in Gough's Cave in Cheddar Gorge, Somerset, England.The skeletal remains date to around the mid-to-late 9th millennium BC, corresponding to the Mesolithic period, and it appears that he died a violent death.
Kebara 2 was the first Neanderthal specimen for which the hyoid bone was preserved, a bone found in the throat and closely related to the vocal tract. Its anatomy was virtually identical to a modern one, leading the excavators to controversially suggest that Neanderthals had at least part of the physical requirements for speech.