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DNA-protein crosslinking can be caused by a variety of chemical and physical agents, including transition metals, ionizing radiation, and endogenous aldehydes, in addition to chemotherapeutic agents. [26] Similar to DNA crosslinking, DNA-protein crosslinks are lesions in cells that are frequently damaged by UV radiation.
Interstrand crosslinks block the progression of DNA replication, and structures at blocked DNA replication forks provide substrates for cleavage by ERCC1-XPF. [23] [24] Incisions may be made on either side of the crosslink on one DNA strand to unhook the crosslink and initiate repair. Alternatively, a double-strand break may be made in the DNA ...
Such crosslinks are lethal to cells since they would prevent DNA from being copied (DNA replication) or for the genes it carries to be read (DNA transcription). DNA crosslinks are caused by numerous anti-cancer drugs (such as cisplatin), but they also must arise naturally since individuals carrying a genetic defect in crosslink repair suffer ...
Some alkylating agents are active under conditions present in cells; and the same mechanism that makes them toxic allows them to be used as anti-cancer drugs. They stop tumor growth by crosslinking guanine nucleobases in DNA double-helix strands, directly attacking DNA. This makes the strands unable to uncoil and separate.
2072 50505 Ensembl ENSG00000175595 ENSMUSG00000022545 UniProt Q92889 Q9QZD4 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_005236 NM_015769 RefSeq (protein) NP_005227 NP_056584 Location (UCSC) Chr 16: 13.92 – 13.95 Mb Chr 16: 12.93 – 12.97 Mb PubMed search Wikidata View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse ERCC4 is a protein designated as DNA repair endonuclease XPF that in humans is encoded by the ERCC4 gene. Together with ...
That marked the start of the Schärer lab - researching chemical, biochemical and cell biological approaches to research nucleotide excision repair, interstrand crosslink repair and how DNA repair pathways impact cancer chemotherapy. [7] The last four years of his time in Zürich, he taught biological chemistry as a lecturer at ETH Zürich.
A cancer syndrome or family cancer syndrome is a genetic disorder in which inherited genetic mutations in one or more genes predisposes the affected individuals to the development of cancers and may also cause the early onset of these cancers. Although cancer syndromes exhibit an increased risk of cancer, the risk varies.
All four types of breast cancer were found to have an average of about 100-fold increase in miR-182, compared to normal breast tissue. [75] In breast cancer cell lines, there is an inverse correlation of BRCA1 protein levels with miR-182 expression. [74]