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The third and final invasion of the Caucasus by the Mongols took place in 1236. This offensive, which would prove the ruin of Georgia, was preceded by the devastating conflict with Jalal al-Din Mangburni, a refugee shah of Khwarezmia, who had demanded in 1225, that the Georgian government support his war against the Mongols.
The Mongol conquest of China was a series of major military efforts by the Mongol Empire to conquer various empires ruling over China for 74 years (1205–1279). It spanned over seven decades in the 13th century and involved the defeat of the Jin dynasty , Western Liao , Western Xia , Tibet , the Dali Kingdom , the Southern Song , and the ...
The Mongol invasion of Georgia had commenced a year earlier to the invasion of the Vainakh kingdom of Dzurdzuketia. The Kingdom of Georgia was traditionally strong ally of Dzurdzuketia, but it was unable to help the Durdzuks when it was under the invasion itself.
Mongol invasion of Georgia. After the Mongol invasions of Georgia, Georgia was split into five administrative vilayats, one of which was the vilayat of Gurjistan (Georgia). [2] It was, in turn, subdivided into eight tumans (divisions), each of which had to supply 10,000 men for Mongol armies. [3]
Professor Liam Kelley noted that people from Song like Zhao Zhong and Xu Zongdao escaped to Vietnam (then under the Trần dynasty) after the Mongol invasion of China and helped the Trần fighting against the Mongol invasion. The Daoist Chinese cleric Xu Zongdao, who recorded the Mongol invasion, referred to them as "Northern bandits".
Mongol historians are adamant that Genghis at that time had no intention of invading the Khwarazmian Empire, and was only interested in trade and even a potential alliance. [10] They cite the fact he was already bogged down in his war against the Jin in China, and that he had to deal with the Hoi-yin Irgen rebellion in Siberia in 1216. [11]
The Mongols withdrew to pillage lands in Persia and, after resupplying, returned two months later to crush a hastily-organized Georgian-Armenian army near Tbilisi. Subutai and Jebe then advanced north into Kievan Rus'. In 1236, the Mongols launched a full-scale invasion of Georgia with the Empire of Trebizond and the Sultanate of Rum.
Mongol invasion of the Jin dynasty (1211–1215) Mongol conquest of the Jin dynasty (1230–1234) Conquest of Jurchen Jin by Mongols and Song dynasty Mongol conquest of China. Wanyan Heda's army still had more than 100,000 men after the battle at Mount Yu, and the Mongols adopted a strategy of exhausting the enemy.