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The erase–remove idiom cannot be used for containers that return const_iterator (e.g.: set) [6] std::remove and/or std::remove_if do not maintain elements that are removed (unlike std::partition, std::stable_partition). Thus, erase–remove can only be used with containers holding elements with full value semantics without incurring resource ...
One little-known usage pattern of the C preprocessor is known as X-Macros. [5] [6] [7] An X-Macro is a header file. Commonly, these use the extension .def instead of the traditional .h. This file contains a list of similar macro calls, which can be referred to as "component macros." The include file is then referenced repeatedly.
Because the expression 0 will always evaluate to false, the code inside the if statement can never be executed, and dead-code elimination would remove it entirely from the optimized program. This technique is common in debugging to optionally activate blocks of code; using an optimizer with dead-code elimination eliminates the need for using a ...
Using #pragma once allows the C preprocessor to include a header file when it is needed and to ignore an #include directive otherwise. This has the effect of altering the behavior of the C preprocessor itself, and allows programmers to express file dependencies in a simple fashion, obviating the need for manual management.
The original File Allocation Table file system has a per-file all-user read-only attribute. NTFS implemented in Microsoft Windows NT and its derivatives, use ACLs [1] to provide a complex set of permissions. OpenVMS uses a permission scheme similar to that of Unix. There are four categories (system, owner, group, and world) and four types of ...
In Microsoft Windows, cacls, and its replacement icacls, are native command-line utilities that can display and modify the security descriptors on files and folders. [1] [2] An access-control list is a list of permissions for securable object, such as a file or folder, that controls who can access it. The cacls command is also available on ReactOS.
For #include guards to work properly, each guard must test and conditionally set a different preprocessor macro. Therefore, a project using #include guards must work out a coherent naming scheme for its include guards, and make sure its scheme doesn't conflict with that of any third-party headers it uses, or with the names of any globally visible macros.
Several operating systems provided a set of modifiable file characteristics that could be accessed and changed through a low-level system call.For example, as of release MS-DOS 4.0, the first six bits of the file attribute byte indicated whether or not a file was read-only (as opposed to writeable), hidden, a system file, a volume label, a subdirectory, or if the file had been "archived" (with ...