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The phrase constitutional theocracy describes a form of elected government in which one single religion is granted an authoritative central role in the legal and political system. In contrast to a pure theocracy , power resides in lay political figures operating within the bounds of a constitution, rather than in the religious leadership.
The politics of Iran takes place in the framework of an Islamic theocracy which was formed following the overthrow of Iran's millennia-long monarchy by the 1979 Revolution. Iran's system of government ( nezam ) was described by Juan José Linz in 2000 as combining "the ideological bent of totalitarianism with the limited pluralism of ...
The first Shia theocracy in the 20th century was established in Iran following the Iranian Revolution that led to the fall of the Shah of Iran. The constitutional name of Iran was established as the Islamic Republic of Iran ( Persian : جمهوری اسلامی ايران transliteration : Jomhuri-ye Eslāmi-ye Irān ).
The traditional Twelver Shia view was to keep clerics away from political and governmental positions. [1] Velayat e Faqih is a Twelver Shia concept which holds that at least partial religious and social affairs of the Muslims need to be administered by a righteous and qualified Shia faqih until the appearance of the Mahdi. [2]
Iran's Supreme Leader Ali Khamenei. The Supreme Leader of the Islamic Republic of Iran, officially called the Supreme Leadership Authority in Iran, is a post established by Article 5 of the Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Iran in accordance with the concept of the Guardianship of the Islamic Jurist. [20] This post is a life tenure post ...
Shi'a clergy (or Ulema) have historically had a significant influence in Iran.The clergy first showed themselves to be a powerful political force in opposition to Iran's monarch with the 1891 tobacco protest boycott that effectively destroyed an unpopular concession granted by the shah giving a British company a monopoly over buying and selling tobacco in Iran.
The surprise collapse of Bashar al-Assad’s government in Syria not only cost Iran its most important state ally but cut off the route it has used to supply Hezbollah with weapons and support.
With a population of approximately 87 million, approximately 99.4% of Iran is Muslim (as of 2022). [1] Of these an estimated 90-95% were Shi'a and 5-10% Sunni (mostly Turkomen, Arabs, Baluchs, and Kurds living in the southwest, southeast, and northwest); although there are no official statistics of the size of the Sufi Muslim population, some reports estimated several million people, while ...