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Testosterone is the primary male sex hormone and androgen in males. [3] In humans, testosterone plays a key role in the development of male reproductive tissues such as testicles and prostate, as well as promoting secondary sexual characteristics such as increased muscle and bone mass, and the growth of body hair.
An androgen conjugate is a conjugate of an androgen, such as testosterone. [1] [2] They occur naturally in the body as metabolites of androgens. [1]Androgen conjugates include sulfate esters and glucuronide conjugates and are formed by sulfotransferase and glucuronosyltransferase enzymes, respectively. [1]
However, when T levels are reduced through ADT, the body may compensate by increasing the production of P4, which can then serve as a substrate for the backdoor pathway. One of the main drawbacks of this increased production of P4 leads to an increase in DHT levels, which fuel the growth of prostate cancer cells.
Testosterone is the primary androgen — or male hormone — in your body. Low testosterone affects up to 39 percent of adult men in the US over the age of 45, and becomes increasingly prevalent ...
Testosterone can be taken by a variety of different routes of administration. [2] [3] These include oral, buccal, sublingual, intranasal, transdermal (gels, creams, patches, solutions), vaginal (creams, gels, suppositories), rectal (suppositories), by intramuscular or subcutaneous injection (in oil solutions or aqueous suspensions), and as a subcutaneous implant.
Conversely, “with too much testosterone, women often have acne, too much hair on the body, hair loss on the head, high blood pressure, elevated cholesterol, skipped cycles, or problems ...
Testosterone is therefore responsible primarily for the development of male primary sexual characteristics, whilst dihydrotestosterone is responsible for secondary male characteristics. Androgens cause slow maturation of the bones, but more of the potent maturation effect comes from the estrogen produced by aromatization of androgens.
The elimination half-life of DHT in the body (53 minutes) is longer than that of testosterone (34 minutes), and this may account for some of the difference in their potency. [51] A study of transdermal (patches) DHT and testosterone treatment reported terminal half-lives of 2.83 hours and 1.29 hours, respectively.