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Scales are present on the bodies of various insects. A notable example are the Lepidoptera, the insect order comprising moths and butterflies, which have scales on their wings and on the head, parts of the thorax and abdomen, and parts of the genitalia. The name is derived from Ancient Greek λεπίδος (scale) and πτερόν (wing). [1]
Wing scales form the colour and pattern on wings. The scales shown here are lamellar. The pedicel can be seen attached to a few loose scales. The wings of Lepidoptera are minutely scaled, which gives the name to this order; the name Lepidoptera was coined in 1735 by Carl Linnaeus for the group of "insects
Scales on a luna moth (Actias luna) Generalized structure of a keeled, lanceolate scale from a jumping spider. Butterflies and moths - the order Lepidoptera (Greek "scale-winged") - have membranous wings covered in delicate, powdery scales, which are modified setae. Each scale consists of a series of tiny stacked platelets of organic material ...
Scale insects are small insects of the order Hemiptera, suborder Sternorrhyncha. Of dramatically variable appearance and extreme sexual dimorphism , they comprise the infraorder Coccomorpha which is considered a more convenient grouping than the superfamily Coccoidea due to taxonomic uncertainties.
Superfamily Coccoidea (scale insects) cottony cushion scales, giant coccids, and ground pearls (Margarodidae) armoured scales (Diaspididae) cochineal insects (Dactylopiidae) lac scales (Kerriidae, Lacciferidae, Tachardinidae) soft scales ; pit scales (Asterolecaniidae) mealybugs (Pseudococcidae) felted scales (Eriococcidae)
Chrysiridia rhipheus scale detail. Unlike in many other moths, the colour of C. rhipheus 's wings does not come from pigments. The colour originates from coherent scattering and interference of light by the microstructure of the ribbon-like scales covering the moth's wings.
The moth's wings lack the large amount of scales found in most other lepidopterans, particularly in the centralized regions, making them appear clear. It loses the scales on its wings early after the pupa stage by its highly active flight tendencies. Hemaris diffinis is a excellent bumblebee mimic.
Immature males are smaller, less elongated and have a white scale cover. During heavy infestations, white wax secretions become abundant, giving the infected leaf a whitish appearance. Like in other scale insects, adult males are wasp-like with 1 pair of wings, one pair of halteres, and non-functional mouthparts. [2] [5] [4]