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[2] OCD is a mental disorder characterized by obsessions and/or compulsions. [3] An obsession is defined as "a recurring thought, image, or urge that the individual cannot control". [ 4 ] Compulsion can be described as a "ritualistic behavior that the person feels compelled to perform". [ 4 ]
The only diagnosis existing in DSM-5 is obsessive–compulsive disorder. [2] According to DSM-5 compulsions can be mental, but they are always repetitive actions like "praying, counting, repeating words silently". [26] DSM-5 does not have any information that searching an answer for some question can be associated with OCD. [27]
OCD Awareness Week was launched in 2009 by the International OCD Foundation. [2] Its goal is an international effort to raise awareness and understanding about Obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) and related disorders and to help get more people access to treatment for the condition. [2] It takes place in the second week of October each year.
Obsessive–compulsive disorder affects about 2.3% of people at some point in their life, with the yearly rate about 1.2%. [6] OCD occurs worldwide. [2] It is unusual for symptoms to begin after the age of 35 and half of people develop problems before 20. [1] [2] Males and females are affected about equally. [1]
Abnormal affect in OCD has been hypothesized to result from dysfunction in the OFC, ventral striatum, and amygdala. OCD is characterized by high levels of anxiety, high rates of comorbidity with major depressive disorder, and blunted response to reward. This is reflected by reduced amygdala and ventral striatum response to positive stimuli, and ...
The Dimensional Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (DOCS) is a 20-item self-report instrument that assesses the severity of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) symptoms along four empirically supported theme-based dimensions: (a) contamination, (b) responsibility for harm and mistakes, (c) incompleteness/symmetry, and (d) unacceptable (taboo) thoughts. [1]
Intrusive thoughts are associated with OCD or OCPD, [40] but may also occur with other conditions [5] such as post-traumatic stress disorder, [41] clinical depression, [42] postpartum depression, [12] generalized anxiety disorder, [43] and anxiety.
Disruption of the basal ganglia results in a host of symptoms that are characterized by compulsivity (behavioral patterns that are released repeatedly) and impulsivity (behavioral patterns that are released suddenly by various stimuli). [5] This suggests that in patients with OCD, the disorder may be the result of abnormal functioning of the ...
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