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In physiology, a stimulus [1] is a change in a living thing's internal or external environment.This change can be detected by an organism or organ using sensitivity, and leads to a physiological reaction. [2]
Stimulate means to act as a stimulus to; stimulus means something that rouses the recipient to activity; stimuli is the plural of stimulus. A particular use of the term is physiological stimulation , which refers to sensory excitation , the action of various agents or forms of energy ( stimuli ) on receptors that generate impulses that travel ...
An example of this includes the retraction of sympathetic neurons due to leptin resistance, which is linked to obesity. [22] Another example, although more research is required, is the observed link that diabetes results in the impairment of synaptic transmission due to the inhibition of acetylcholine receptors as a result of high blood glucose ...
The postganglionic neuron then releases ACh to stimulate the muscarinic receptors of the target organ. Niconitic receptors transmit outgoing signals from the presynaptic to the postsynaptic cells within the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system, and are the receptors used in the somatic nervous system for signalling muscular ...
A free nerve ending (FNE) or bare nerve ending, is an unspecialized, afferent nerve fiber sending its signal to a sensory neuron. Afferent in this case means bringing information from the body's periphery toward the brain.
In the case where sensory nerves are stimulated, the reflex arcs are triggered by the stimulation on sensory nerve axons at specific peripheral sites. One example of such a reflex is the flexor withdrawal reflex. The flexor withdrawal reflex occurs naturally when a sudden, painful sensation is applied to the sole of the foot.
Some human erogenous zones. An erogenous zone (from Greek ἔρως, érōs "love"; and English -genous "producing", from Greek -γενής, -genḗs "born") is an area of the human body that has heightened sensitivity, the stimulation of which may generate a sexual response such as relaxation, sexual fantasies, sexual arousal, and orgasm.
The somatic nervous system (SNS), also known as voluntary nervous system, is a part of the peripheral nervous system (PNS) that links brain and spinal cord to skeletal muscles under conscious control, as well as to sensory receptors in the skin.