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In computing, a hard link is a directory entry (in a directory-based file system) that associates a name with a file.Thus, each file must have at least one hard link. Creating additional hard links for a file makes the contents of that file accessible via additional paths (i.e., via different names or in different directori
The ln command is a standard Unix command utility used to create a hard link or a symbolic link (symlink) to an existing file or directory. [1] The use of a hard link allows multiple filenames to be associated with the same file since a hard link points to the inode of a given file, the data of which is stored on disk.
Files with hard links in multiple directories have multiple reference items, one for each parent directory. Files with multiple hard links in the same directory pack all of the links' filenames into the same reference item. This was a design flaw that limited the number of same-directory hard links to however many could fit in a single tree block.
The link utility is a Unix command line program that creates a hard link from an existing directory entry to a new directory entry. It does no more than call the link
In Mac OS X Leopard 10.5, directory hard-linking was added as a fundamental part of Time Machine. In Mac OS X Snow Leopard 10.6, HFS+ compression was added using Deflate (Zlib). In open source and some other areas this is referred to as AppleFSCompression or decmpfs. Compressed data may be stored in either an extended attribute or the resource ...
A link count telling how many hard links point to the inode. The User ID of the file's owner. The Group ID of the file. The device ID of the file if it is a device file. The size of the file in bytes.
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On many systems, such as macOS and Red Hat Linux, csh is actually tcsh. Often one of the two files is either a hard link or a symbolic link to the other, so that either name refers to the same improved version of the C shell (although behavior may be altered depending on which name is used).