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The first English court case which referred to c.i.f. was Tregelles v. Sewell (1862), [ 25 ] where the court established that under c.i.f. terms, risk passes to the buyer on shipment. [ 26 ] In the case of E. Clemens Horst Co. v. Biddell Brothers, the UK House of Lords ruled in 1911 that "the sellers in a c.i.f. contract were entitled to ...
A net (sometimes written nett) value is the resultant amount after accounting for the sum or difference of two or more variables. In economics , it is frequently used to imply the remaining value after accounting for a specific, commonly understood deduction.
APA style (also known as APA format) is a writing style and format for academic documents such as scholarly journal articles and books. It is commonly used for citing sources within the field of behavioral and social sciences , including sociology, education, nursing, criminal justice, anthropology, and psychology.
Net income can also be calculated by adding a company's operating income to non-operating income and then subtracting off taxes. [4] The net profit margin percentage is a related ratio. This figure is calculated by dividing net profit by revenue or turnover, and it represents profitability, as a percentage.
Literal translation, direct translation, or word-for-word translation is the translation of a text done by translating each word separately without analysing how the words are used together in a phrase or sentence. [1] In translation theory, another term for literal translation is metaphrase (as opposed to paraphrase for an analogous translation).
Network address translation between a private network and the Internet. Network address translation (NAT) is a method of mapping an IP address space into another by modifying network address information in the IP header of packets while they are in transit across a traffic routing device. [1]
Net worth in this formulation does not express the market value of a firm; a firm may be worth more (or less) if sold as a going concern, or indeed if the business closes down. Net worth vs. debt is a significant aspect of business loans. Business owners are required to "trade on equity" in order to further increase their net worth. [4]
A result of making a convenience translation is that the resulting financial information does not comply with all Generally Accepted Accounting Principles. It is also referred to as a convenience translation when a (language) translation is rendered for the convenience of reading a text in a different from the original language; however, the ...