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Welsh independence (Welsh: Annibyniaeth i Gymru) is the political movement advocating for Wales to become a sovereign state, independent from the United Kingdom. Wales was conquered during the 13th century by Edward I of England following the killing of Llywelyn the Last, Prince of Wales.
The Welsh Wars of Independence. The History Press. ISBN 978-0-7524-9648-1; Pierce, Thomas Jones (1959a). "LLYWELYN ap GRUFFYDD or LLYWELYN BREN (died 1317) nobleman, soldier and rebel martyr". Dictionary of Welsh Biography. National Library of Wales. Pierce, Thomas Jones (1959b).
Glyndŵr's great seal. The Glyndŵr rebellion was a Welsh rebellion led by Owain Glyndŵr against the Kingdom of England during the Late Middle Ages.During the rebellion's height between 1403 and 1406, Owain exercised control over the majority of Wales after capturing several of the most powerful English castles in the country, and formed a parliament at Machynlleth.
Welsh nationalism (Welsh: Cenedlaetholdeb Cymreig) emphasises and celebrates the distinctiveness of Welsh culture and Wales as a nation or country. Welsh nationalism may also include calls for further autonomy or self-determination, which includes Welsh devolution, meaning increased powers for the Senedd, or full Welsh independence.
The construction of this castle between 1268 and 1271 by Gilbert de Clare led to a dispute between Llywelyn ap Gruffudd and the English crown, one of the issues which led to the wars of 1277 and 1282 and the end of Welsh independence. In 1094, however, there was a general Welsh revolt against Norman rule, and gradually territories were won back.
Owain ap Gruffydd (c. 1354 – 20 September 1415), commonly known as Owain Glyndŵr (Glyn Dŵr, pronounced [ˈoʊain ɡlɨ̞nˈduːr], anglicised as Owen Glendower) was a Welsh leader, soldier and military commander in the late Middle Ages, who led a 15-year-long Welsh revolt with the aim of ending English rule in Wales.
It was an important victory for the Welsh under Owain Glyndŵr, as it resulted in the prolongation of the Welsh war of independence and the destabilisation of English politics for several years afterward.
Author, the journalist Will Hayward. The book discusses the country's feelings about Welsh independence [1] and aims to improve the quality of the debate about it. Hayward says, "[T]he idea of the book is two different people could read this book and they could come to a different conclusion based on their attitude to risk, their income and whereabouts they live in Wales."