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  2. Disk formatting - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Disk_formatting

    Formatting a disk for use by an operating system and its applications typically involves three different processes. [e]Low-level formatting (i.e., closest to the hardware) marks the surfaces of the disks with markers indicating the start of a recording block (typically today called sector markers) and other information like block CRC to be used later, in normal operations, by the disk ...

  3. Mount Rainier (packet writing) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount_Rainier_(packet_writing)

    An MRW-formatted CD-RW with a UDF filesystem gives approximately 500 MB free space. Mt. Rainier allows write access to a disc within seconds after insertion and spin-up, even while a background formatting sequence is taking place. Before this technology, a user would have to wait for the formatting to complete before writing any data to a new disc.

  4. format (command) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Format_(command)

    FORMAT.COM, among several other commands, in IBM PC DOS 1.0. FORMAT.CMD in CP/M-86. The command is also available in Intel ISIS-II, [5] iRMX 86, [6] MetaComCo TRIPOS, [7] AmigaDOS, [8] Zilog Z80-RIO, [9] Microware OS-9, [10] DR FlexOS, [11] TSL PC-MOS, [12] SpartaDOS X, [13] Datalight ROM-DOS, [14] IBM/Toshiba 4690 OS, [15] PTS-DOS, [16] SISNE plus, [17] and in the DEC RT-11 [18] operating system.

  5. cdrtools - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cdrtools

    The collection includes many features for CD, DVD and Blu-ray disc writing such as: creation of audio, data, and mixed (audio and data) CDs; burning CD-R, CD-RW, DVD-R, DVD-RW, DVD+R, DVD+RW, dual layer DVDs, and Blu-ray Discs; support for Track-At-Once and Disc-At-Once recording modes; cue sheet file format support, with Exact Audio Copy ...

  6. Cue sheet (computing) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cue_sheet_(computing)

    Cue sheets can describe many types of audio and data CDs. The main data (including audio) for a CD described by a cue sheet is stored in one or more files referenced by the cue sheet. Cue sheets also specify track lengths and CD-Text including track and disc titles and performers. They are especially useful when dividing audio stored in a ...

  7. Universal Disk Format - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universal_Disk_Format

    Universal Disk Format (UDF) is an open, vendor-neutral file system for computer data storage for a broad range of media. In practice, it has been most widely used for DVDs and newer optical disc formats, supplanting ISO 9660.

  8. Data erasure - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_erasure

    Overwriting programs that operate through the OS will not always perform a complete erasure because they cannot modify the contents of the hard drive that are actively in use by that OS. Because of this, many data erasure programs are provided in a bootable format, where you run off a live CD that has all of the necessary software to erase the ...

  9. C2 error - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C2_error

    A CD drive can have extraction errors when the data on the disc is not readable due to scratches or smudges. The drive can compensate by supplying a "best guess" of what the missing data was, then supplying the missing data.