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The Pentamatic featured an automatic stop-down diaphragm (offered only with the Auto Yashinon 50mm/1.8 lens), instant-return mirror, a fixed pentaprism, and a mechanical focal-plane shutter with speeds of 1-1/1000 second, along with additional interchangeable lenses.
Zenit 122 Zenit-4 with leaf shutter Zenit-16 with vertical travel shutter. The first attempt to make high-end professional camera by KMZ was the Start in 1958. This camera had a full set of shutter speeds (from 1 sec to 1/1000), a lens with an automatic diaphragm in a unique breech-lock mount, and even a knife for cutting-off part of the unexposed film.
Nine-blade iris Pentacon 2.8/135 lens with 15-blade iris Aperture mechanism of Canon 50mm f/1.8 II lens, with five blades In the human eye, the iris (light brown) acts as the diaphragm and continuously constricts and dilates its aperture (the pupil) A 750nm titanium-sapphire laser beam passing through an iris diaphragm, while opening and closing the iris.
The first Minolta SLRs were marketed with SR- model numbers starting from 1958 with the Minolta SR-2, which featured semi-automatic diaphragm operation with Auto-Rokkor lenses: winding the film advance lever opened the diaphragm and cocked the shutter; when the shutter was released, the iris would stop down to the selected aperture.
In 1958, Minolta's first SLR camera was released, the Minolta SR-2, which employed a semi-automatic diaphragm and an instant return mirror. A year later, in 1959, the Minolta SR-1 was released. Basically a stripped down Minolta SR-2 with shutter speeds reduced to 1/500 of a second rather than the SR-2's 1/1000 of a second. Next came the Minolta ...
Focusing can be manual, by twisting the focus on the lens; or automatic, activated by pressing half-way on the shutter release or a dedicated auto-focus (AF) button. To take an image, the mirror swings upwards in the direction of the arrow, the focal-plane shutter opens, and the image is projected and captured on the image sensor .
The Yashica Pentamatic, an advanced, modern 35 mm Single Lens Reflex (SLR) camera with a proprietary bayonet-mount, automatic diaphragm (offered only with the Auto Yashinon 50mm/1.8 lens), and interchangeable lenses, was introduced in 1959. As before, Yashica continued to source its lenses from the Tomioka Optical factory.
The back focus of the body was the thinnest of any 35 mm camera, and as a result, it was possible to make adapters to use lenses designed for almost any other 35 mm SLR on an Alpa. Adapters offered included Exakta, M42 (automatic diaphragm and manual), Nikon (auto and manual), Leicaflex, T-mount, and Contax.