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Goddesses, Whores, Wives, and Slaves: Women in Classical Antiquity is a 1975 feminist history book by Sarah B. Pomeroy. The work covers the lives of women in antiquity from the Greek Dark Ages to the death of Constantine the Great. [1] The book was one of the first English works on women's history in any period. [2]
The women attacked both the Romans and the Ambrones who tried to desert. [143] 102/101 BCE [144] – General Marius of the Romans fought the Teutonic Cimbrians. Cimbrian women accompanied their men into war, created a line in battle with their wagons and fought with poles and lances, [145] as well as staves, stones, and swords. [146]
Besides publishing on environmental issues, her best known works involve Jewish women in ancient history, and the history of slavery. Her Price is Beyond Rubies: the Jewish Woman in Graeco-Roman Palestine was one of the first comprehensive studies on Jewish women in antiquity.
This book follows the lièzhuàn (列傳 "arrayed biographies") biographical format established by the Chinese historian Sima Qian.The word liènǚ (列女 "famous women in history") is sometimes understood as liènǚ (烈女 "women martyrs"), which Neo-Confucianists used to mean a "woman who commits suicide after her husband's death rather than remarry; [a] woman who dies defending her honor."
The series was received with appreciation and positive reviews from both scholars and book reviews. For example, Edward Rothstein wrote in the New York Times that "the publication of 'The Landmark Herodotus' (Pantheon) which includes a new translation by Andrea L. Purvis, and extensive annotation by scholars is such a worthy occasion for celebrating Herodotus' contemporary importance."
Another example in ancient British history is the historical Queen Boudica, who led a rebellion against the Roman Empire. In his On the Bravery of Women, the Greco-Roman historian Plutarch describes how the women of Argos fought against King Cleomenes and the Spartans under the command of Telesilla in the fifth century BCE. [3] [4]
Women and War in the High and Late Middle Ages Reconsidered (MA thesis, University of Canterbury, 2009) full text online, with detailed review of the literature; Lourie, E. "Black women warriors in the Muslim army besieging Valencia and the Cid's victory: A problem of interpretation", Traditio 55 (2000), pp. 181–209; McLaughlin, Megan.
According to Shelley Haley, Pomeroy's work "legitimized the study of Greek and Roman women in ancient times". [21] However, classics has been characterised as a "notoriously conservative" field, [21] and initially women's history was slow to be adopted: from 1970 to 1985, only a few articles on ancient women were published in major journals. [22]
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