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Necrotizing pneumonia (NP), also known as cavitary pneumonia or cavitatory necrosis, is a rare but severe complication of lung parenchymal infection. [1] [2] [3] In necrotizing pneumonia, there is a substantial liquefaction following death of the lung tissue, which may lead to gangrene formation in the lung.
Differential diagnosis includes non-specific interstitial pneumonia, pulmonary Langerhans cell histiocytosis, respiratory bronchiolitis-associated interstitial lung disease, and hypersensitivity pneumonia. DIP is primarily treated by quitting smoking, but it may not be enough in all cases. In moderate to severe cases, corticosteroids are used.
Micrograph showing a Masson body (off center left/bottom of the image – pale circular and paucicellular), as may be seen in cryptogenic organizing pneumonia. The Masson body plugs the airway. The artery associated with the obliterated airway is also seen (far left of the image). H&E stain. Specialty: Pulmonology Symptoms
Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) is the most common cause of NTM lung disease in most countries, including the United States. [6] Classically, MAC infection results in either upper lobe cavities in male smokers with COPD or bronchiectasis in thin, older women; however, it is possible to have both cavities and bronchiectasis in the same patient ...
These macrophages seek to eliminate the dust particle through either the mucociliary mechanism, or through lymphatic vessels which drain the lungs. Macrophages also produce an inflammatory mediator known as interleukin-1 (IL-1), which is part of the immune systems first line defenses against infecting particles.
Lower respiratory infectious disease is the fifth-leading cause of death and the combined leading infectious cause of death, being responsible for 2.74 million deaths worldwide. [27] This is generally similar to estimates in the 2010 Global Burden of Disease study. [28]
In the U.S., life expectancy increased from 79.2 to 80.7 years in women, and from 74.1 to 76.3 years in men; The study found a global life expectancy of 72.5 years — but only 63.3 of those years ...
Imaging shows upper-lobe emphysema, and lower-lobe interstitial fibrosis. [4] CFPE is often complicated by pulmonary hypertension , acute lung injury , lung cancer , and coronary artery disease . [ 4 ]