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Hoffmann's reflex (Hoffmann's sign, sometimes simply Hoffmann's, or finger flexor reflex) [1] is a neurological examination finding elicited by a reflex test which can help verify the presence or absence of issues arising from the corticospinal tract. It is named after neurologist Johann Hoffmann. [2]
The H-reflex (or Hoffmann's reflex) is a reflectory reaction of muscles after electrical stimulation of sensory fibers (Ia afferents stemming from muscle spindles) in their innervating nerves (for example, those located behind the knee).
Tinel's sign (also Hoffmann-Tinel sign) is a way to detect irritated nerves. It is performed by lightly tapping over the nerve to elicit a sensation of tingling or "pins and needles" in the distribution of the nerve. [1] [2] Percussion is usually performed moving distal to proximal. [2] It is named after Jules Tinel. [3] [4] [5]
Hoffmann's sign: Johann Hoffmann: neurology: corticospinal tract lesions: tapping distal phalanx of 3rd or 4th finger elicits flexion of same in thumb Hollenhorst plaque: Robert Hollenhorst: ophthalmology: hypertension, coronary artery disease, and/or diabetes: cholesterol embolus(i) of retinal artery(ies) Homans' sign: John Homans: thrombosis ...
In the context of a positive Hoover's sign, functional weakness (or "conversion disorder") is much more likely than malingering or factitious disorder. [3] Strong hip muscles can make the test difficult to interpret. [4] Efforts have been made to use the theory behind the sign to report a quantitative result. [5]
Babinski's sign in a healthy newborn. The Babinski sign can indicate upper motor neuron lesion constituting damage to the corticospinal tract.Occasionally, a pathological plantar reflex is the first and only indication of a serious disease process and a clearly abnormal plantar reflex often prompts detailed neurological investigations, including CT scanning of the brain or MRI of the spine, as ...
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Romberg's test is positive if the patient falls while the eyes are closed. Swaying is not a positive sign as it shows proprioceptive correction. [4] Patients with a positive result are said to demonstrate Romberg's sign or Rombergism. They can also be described as Romberg's positive. The basis of this test is that balance comes from the ...