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In the case of objects outside the Solar System, the ascending node is the node where the orbiting secondary passes away from the observer, and the descending node is the node where it moves towards the observer. [5], p. 137. The position of the node may be used as one of a set of parameters, called orbital elements, which
The longitude of the ascending node, also known as the right ascension of the ascending node, is one of the orbital elements used to specify the orbit of an object in space. Denoted with the symbol Ω , it is the angle from a specified reference direction, called the origin of longitude , to the direction of the ascending node (☊), as ...
The Slater-type orbital (STO) is a form without radial nodes but decays from the nucleus as does a hydrogen-like orbital. The form of the Gaussian type orbital (Gaussians) has no radial nodes and decays as e − α r 2 {\displaystyle e^{-\alpha r^{2}}} .
As the orbital period of a satellite increases, approaching the rotational period of the Earth (in other words, as its average orbital speed slows towards the rotational speed of the Earth), its sinusoidal ground track will become compressed longitudinally, meaning that the "nodes" (the points at which it crosses the equator) will become closer ...
The rate of precession depends on the inclination of the orbital plane to the equatorial plane, as well as the orbital eccentricity. For a satellite in a prograde orbit around Earth, the precession is westward (nodal regression), that is, the node and satellite move in opposite directions. [1] A good approximation of the precession rate is
Orbital elements are the parameters required to uniquely identify a specific orbit. In celestial mechanics these elements are considered in two-body systems using a Kepler orbit . There are many different ways to mathematically describe the same orbit, but certain schemes, each consisting of a set of six parameters, are commonly used in ...
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Parametrically, ω is the angle from the body's ascending node to its periapsis, measured in the direction of motion. For specific types of orbits, terms such as argument of perihelion (for heliocentric orbits ), argument of perigee (for geocentric orbits ), argument of periastron (for orbits around stars), and so on, may be used (see apsis for ...