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Since at least in the early 20th century, single-stage-to-orbit reusable launch vehicles have existed in science fiction. In the 1970s, the first reusable launch vehicle, the Space Shuttle, was developed. However, in the 1990s, due to the program's failure to meet expectations, reusable launch vehicle concepts were reduced to prototype testing.
The Next Generation Launch Vehicle (NGLV) is a three-stage partially reusable Heavy-lift launch vehicle, currently under development by the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO). This vehicle is designed to replace currently operational systems like PSLV, GSLV and LVM3. The project was previously referred to as Unified Launch Vehicle (ULV ...
It is a scaled down prototype of an eventual two-stage-to-orbit (TSTO) reusable launch vehicle. In January 2012, the design of ISRO's reusable launch vehicle was approved by the National Review Committee and clearance was granted to build the vehicle. The vehicle was named 'Reusable Launch Vehicle-Technology Demonstrator' (RLV-TD). [19]
Ethereal Exploration Guild Private Limited is an Indian startup based in Bengaluru developing fully reusable vertical landing medium-lift space launch system at reduced cost and cut launch timeframes. [1] [2] Founded in 2022, the company is currently developing India's largest private rocket engine facility in the southern state of Tamil Nadu. [3]
It is designed to be partially reusable, with the first stage capable of performing an autonomous vertical landing and being reused up to 10 times. Tianlong-3 is part of Space Pioneer's efforts to develop low-cost, reusable launch vehicles to compete in the growing commercial launch market.
A launch vehicle is typically a rocket-powered vehicle designed to carry a payload (a crewed spacecraft or satellites) from Earth's surface or lower atmosphere to outer space. The most common form is the ballistic missile -shaped multistage rocket , but the term is more general and also encompasses vehicles like the Space Shuttle .
Neutron is a partially reusable medium-lift two-stage launch vehicle under development by Rocket Lab.Announced on 1 March 2021, the vehicle is designed to be capable of delivering a payload of 13,000 kg (28,700 lb) to low Earth orbit in a partially reusable configuration, [3] and will focus on the growing megaconstellation satellite delivery market. [4]
The first US medium-lift vehicle was a purpose-built orbital launch vehicle, the Saturn I. Saturn I first launched in 1961, and the Saturn family would eventually grow into the heavy-lift Saturn IB and the super-heavy lift Saturn V. ICBM-derived launch vehicles for the US include the Atlas, Titan, and Delta families.