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John B. Gorrie (October 3, 1803 – June 29, 1855) was a Nevisian-born American physician and scientist, credited as the inventor of mechanical refrigeration. [1] [2]Born on the Island of Nevis in the Leeward Islands of the West Indies to Scottish parents on October 3, 1803, he spent his childhood in South Carolina.
The Einstein–Szilard or Einstein refrigerator is an absorption refrigerator which has no moving parts, operates at constant pressure, and requires only a heat source to operate. It was jointly invented in 1926 by Albert Einstein and his former student Leó Szilárd , who patented it in the U.S. on November 11, 1930 ( U.S. patent 1,781,541 ).
Food in a refrigerator with its door open. A refrigerator, commonly shortened to fridge, is a commercial and home appliance consisting of a thermally insulated compartment and a heat pump (mechanical, electronic or chemical) that transfers heat from its inside to its external environment so that its inside is cooled to a temperature below the room temperature. [1]
Marcel Audiffren was a French priest, physicist, and inventor who promoted the residential refrigerator. He served as abbot of his Cistercian monastery, and originally designed a hand-cranked device for cooling liquid, such as wine, for his monks. His machine was patented in France in 1894.
U.S. patent 2,535,682 was issued on December 26, 1950 – Prefabricated refrigerator construction. U.S. patent 2,581,956 was issued on January 8, 1952 – Refrigeration control device. U.S. patent 2,666,298 was issued on January 19, 1954 – Methods and means of defrosting a cold diffuser.
With the invention of synthetic refrigerants based mostly on a chlorofluorocarbon (CFC) chemical, safer refrigerators were possible for home and consumer use. Freon led to the development of smaller, lighter, and cheaper refrigerators. The average price of a refrigerator dropped from $275 to $154 with the synthesis of Freon.
The first invention credited to Parpart is a street sweeper designed to automate the process of cleaning city streets. Parpart filed two patents for this invention (No. 649,609 [32] in 1899 and no. 762,241 [33] in 1901), both of which listed Hiram D. Layman as co-inventor despite his being only an investor.
1950 – Invention of the so-called Gifford-McMahon cooler by K.W. Taconis (patent US2,567,454) 1951 – Heinz London invents the principle of the dilution refrigerator 1955 – Willi Becker turbomolecular pump concept [ 15 ]