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The corpus callosum (Latin for "tough body"), also callosal commissure, is a wide, thick nerve tract, consisting of a flat bundle of commissural fibers, beneath the cerebral cortex in the brain. The corpus callosum is only found in placental mammals . [ 1 ]
The lateralization of brain function (or hemispheric dominance [1] [2] / lateralization [3] [4]) is the tendency for some neural functions or cognitive processes to be specialized to one side of the brain or the other. The median longitudinal fissure separates the human brain into two distinct cerebral hemispheres, connected by the corpus ...
The total number of long range fibers within a cerebral hemisphere is 2% of the total number of cortico-cortical fibers (across cortical areas) and is roughly the same number as those that communicate between the two hemispheres in the brain's largest white tissue structure, the corpus callosum. [4]
The brain can thus be described as being divided into left and right cerebral hemispheres. Each of these hemispheres has an outer layer of grey matter, the cerebral cortex, that is supported by an inner layer of white matter. In eutherian (placental) mammals, the hemispheres are linked by the corpus callosum, a very large bundle of nerve fibers.
On either side of the midline of the indusium griseum are two ridges formed by bands of longitudinally directed fibers known as the medial and lateral longitudinal striae. [ 2 ] The indusium griseum is prolonged around the splenium of the corpus callosum as a delicate layer, the fasciolar gyrus , [ 3 ] which is continuous below with the surface ...
Detail of drawing showing components of septal area below corpus callosum. The septal area is located on the lower posterior part of the frontal lobe. The septal area refers to the nearby septum pellucidum. It is located underneath the corpus callosum and in front of the lamina terminalis.
The subcallosal gyrus (paraterminal gyrus, peduncle of the corpus callosum) is a narrow lamina on the medial surface of the hemisphere in front of the lamina terminalis, behind the parolfactory area, and below the rostrum of the corpus callosum. It is continuous around the genu of the corpus callosum with the indusium griseum.
The striae are categorized as medial longitudinal stria and lateral longitudinal stria; the area between the striae is a useful neurosurgical mark of the middle of the corpus callosum. After the indisium griseum curves along the rostrum of the corpus callosum the combined striae continue toward the amygdala as part of the diagonal band of Broca ...