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IUPAC name: Common name: Structural formula octanoic acid: caprylic acid: CH 3 (CH 2) 6 COOH benzene-1,2-dicarboxylic acid: phthalic acid: C 6 H 4 (COOH) 2: benzene-1,3-dicarboxylic acid: isophthalic acid: C 6 H 4 (COOH) 2: benzene-1,4-dicarboxylic acid: terephthalic acid: C 6 H 4 (COOH) 2: 2-methylheptanoic acid C 5 H 11 CH(CH 3)COOH 3 ...
Molecular Formula Name of straight chain Synonyms 1 1 1 CH 4: methane: methyl hydride; natural gas 2 1 1 C 2 H 6: ethane: dimethyl; ethyl hydride; methyl methane 3 1 1 C 3 H 8: propane: dimethyl methane; propyl hydride 4 2 2 C 4 H 10: n-butane: butyl hydride; methylethyl methane 5 3 3 C 5 H 12: n-pentane: amyl hydride; Skellysolve A 6 5 5 C 6 H ...
In organic chemistry, a methyl group is an alkyl derived from methane, containing one carbon atom bonded to three hydrogen atoms, having chemical formula CH 3 (whereas normal methane has the formula CH 4). In formulas, the group is often abbreviated as Me. This hydrocarbon group occurs in many organic compounds. It is a very stable group in ...
The conversion of methyl acetate back into its components, by an acid, is a first-order reaction with respect to the ester. The reaction of methyl acetate and a base, for example sodium hydroxide, is a second-order reaction with respect to both reactants. Methyl acetate is a Lewis base that forms 1:1 adducts with a variety of Lewis acids.
Since the longest continuous chain in isobutane contains only three carbon atoms, the preferred IUPAC name is 2-methylpropane but the locant (2-) is typically omitted in general nomenclature as redundant; C2 is the only position on a propane chain where a methyl substituent can be located without altering the main chain and forming the ...
Some traditional names for common carboxylic acids (such as acetic acid) are in such widespread use that they are retained in IUPAC nomenclature, [7] though systematic names like ethanoic acid are also used. Carboxylic acids attached to a benzene ring are structural analogs of benzoic acid (Ph−COOH) and are named as one of its derivatives ...
General chemical structure of an acyl chloride. In organic chemistry, an acyl chloride (or acid chloride) is an organic compound with the functional group −C(=O)Cl. Their formula is usually written R−COCl, where R is a side chain. They are reactive derivatives of carboxylic acids (R−C(=O)OH).
In organic chemistry, methenium (also called methylium, carbenium, [2] methyl cation, or protonated methylene) is a cation with the formula CH + 3. It can be viewed as a methylene radical (: CH 2) with an added proton (H +), or as a methyl radical (• CH 3) with one electron removed.