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NGS adapters are short ~80 BP fragments that bind to DNA to aid in amplification during library preparation and are also useful to bind DNA to the flow cell during sequencing. [5] These adapters are made up of three parts that flank the DNA sequence of interest. There is the flow cell binding sequence, the primer binding site, and also tagged ...
Like hemoglobin, myoglobin is a cytoplasmic protein that binds oxygen on a heme group. It harbors only one globulin group, whereas hemoglobin has four. Although its heme group is identical to those in Hb, Mb has a higher affinity for oxygen than does hemoglobin but fewer total oxygen-storage capacities. [22]
Myoglobin (Mb) Neuroglobin: a myoglobin-like haemprotein expressed in vertebrate brain and retina, where it is involved in neuroprotection from damage due to hypoxia or ischemia. [11] Neuroglobin belongs to a branch of the globin family that diverged early in evolution. Cytoglobin: an oxygen sensor expressed in multiple tissues. Related to ...
Adaptor proteins contain a variety of protein-binding modules that link protein-binding partners together and facilitate the creation of larger signaling complexes. These proteins tend to lack any intrinsic enzymatic activity themselves, [2] instead mediating specific protein–protein interactions that drive the formation of protein complexes.
Spacer DNA is a region of non-coding DNA between genes. [1] [2] The terms intergenic spacer (IGS) or non-transcribed spacer (NTS) are used particularly for the spacer DNA between the many tandemly repeated copies of the ribosomal RNA genes. [3] In bacteria, spacer DNA sequences are only a few nucleotides long.
The first description of cooperative binding to a multi-site protein was developed by A.V. Hill. [4] Drawing on observations of oxygen binding to hemoglobin and the idea that cooperativity arose from the aggregation of hemoglobin molecules, each one binding one oxygen molecule, Hill suggested a phenomenological equation that has since been named after him:
The binding typically results in a change of conformational isomerism (conformation) of the target protein. In DNA-ligand binding studies, the ligand can be a small molecule, ion, [1] or protein [2] which binds to the DNA double helix. The relationship between ligand and binding partner is a function of charge, hydrophobicity, and molecular ...
Myoglobin and hemoglobin are famous examples, and many synthetic analogues have been described that behave similarly. Binding of O 2 is usually described as proceeding by electron transfer from the metal(II) center to give superoxide (O − 2) complexes of metal(III) centers.
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