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Spiders that spin webs typically have three claws, the middle one being small; hunting spiders typically have only two claws. Since they do not have antennae, spiders use specialised and sensitive setae on their legs to pick up scent, sounds, vibrations and air currents. [6] Some spiders, such as the Australian crab spider, do not have claws.
Echolocating bats use echolocation to navigate and forage, often in total darkness. They generally emerge from their roosts in caves, attics, or trees at dusk and hunt for insects into the night. Using echolocation, bats can determine how far away an object is, the object's size, shape and density, and the direction (if any) that an object is ...
The common shrew's carnivorous and insectivorous diet consists of insects, slugs, spiders, worms, amphibians and small rodents. Shrews need to consume 200% to 300% of their body weight in food each day in order to survive; to achieve this they must eat every 2 to 3 hours, and they will starve if they go without food much longer than that.
Animal echolocation, animals emitting sound and listening to the echo in order to locate objects or navigate; Echo sounding, listening to the echo of sound pulses to measure the distance to the bottom of the sea, a special case of sonar; Gunfire locator; Human echolocation, the use of echolocation by blind people; Human bycatch
Although larger spiders use hydraulics to straighten their legs, unlike smaller jumping spiders they depend on their flexor muscles to generate the propulsive force for their jumps. [ 38 ] Most spiders that hunt actively, rather than relying on webs, have dense tufts of fine bristles between the paired claws at the tips of their legs.
The grate-type tapetum is the most efficient; the long vitreous body and spherical lens combine to produce a sharp, in focus image. It forms rows of crystals which lie beneath the visual cells, and the nerves exit through the gaps in the 'grate'. This type is found primarily in hunting spiders such as wolf spiders and fishing spiders. [2] [7]
Bolas: Bolas spiders are unusual orb-weaver spiders that do not spin the webs. Instead, they hunt by using a sticky 'capture blob' of silk on the end of a line, known as a ' bolas '. By swinging the bolas at flying male moths or moth flies nearby, the spider may snag its prey rather like a fisherman snagging a fish on a hook.
Experiments on European robins, which are migratory, suggest their magnetic sense makes use of the quantum radical pair mechanism. Magnetoreception is a sense which allows an organism to detect the Earth's magnetic field. Animals with this sense include some arthropods, molluscs, and vertebrates (fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals).