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Different types of Dissolution Units: A Water-bath unit equipped with USP Dissolution Apparatus 2 - Paddle (Top-left), A amber vessel water bath unit that has been equipped with USP Dissolution Apparatus 1 without baskets being placed on yet (Top-right), and a dissolution unit that uses a heating jacket (bottom)
In analytical chemistry, sample preparation (working-up) refers to the ways in which a sample is treated prior to its analyses. Preparation is a very important step in most analytical techniques, because the techniques are often not responsive to the analyte in its in-situ form, or the results are distorted by interfering species.
Degassing, also known as degasification, is the removal of dissolved gases from liquids, especially water or aqueous solutions.There are numerous methods for removing gases from liquids.
Acid digestion is the most common dissolution method used for many types of samples. Unfortunately, acid digestion involves numerous manipulations of concentrated acids. Some types of samples even require the use of perchloric acid (HClO 4 ) that is explosive when it comes into contact with any organic materials.
The technique makes use of the single solvent system, outlined above, by dissolving a crude reaction mixture, in a minimum amount of hot solvent, before gravity filtering the saturated solution to remove insoluble matter. The saturated solution will then passively cool, yielding pure crystals. [7]
A Soxhlet extractor is a piece of laboratory apparatus [1] invented in 1879 by Franz von Soxhlet. [2] It was originally designed for the extraction of a lipid from a solid material. Typically, Soxhlet extraction is used when the desired compound has a limited solubility in a solvent, and the impurity is insoluble in that solvent. It allows for ...
In pharmaceutics, sink condition is a term mostly related to the dissolution testing procedure.. It means using a sheer volume of solvent, usually about 5 to 10 times greater than the volume present in the saturated solution of the targeted chemical (often the API, and sometimes the excipients) contained in the dosage form being tested.
Often these raw materials must go through a separation before they can be put to productive use, making separation techniques essential for the modern industrial economy. The purpose of separation may be: analytical: to identify the size of each fraction of a mixture is attributable to each component without attempting to harvest the fractions.