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Triethylamine is prepared by the alkylation of ammonia with ethanol: [10]. NH 3 + 3 C 2 H 5 OH → N(C 2 H 5) 3 + 3 H 2 O. The pK a of protonated triethylamine is 10.75, [4] and it can be used to prepare buffer solutions at that pH.
Per Forbes (April 2024) [1]; Rank Rank per capita Country/Territory Billionaires Rate - World 2,781: 0.343 1 11 United States 813: 2.420 2 53 China 406: 0.288 3 58 India 200: 0.144
Superconductivity is the ground state of many elemental metals. Superconductors come in multiple varieties: Conventional superconductor: A superconductor described by the BCS theory with a singlet order parameter. Unconventional superconductor: A superconductor which breaks additional symmetries.
118 chemical elements have been identified and named officially by IUPAC.A chemical element, often simply called an element, is a type of atom which has a specific number of protons in its atomic nucleus (i.e., a specific atomic number, or Z).
From a high of 70,300 active weapons in 1986, as of 2024 there are approximately 3,880 active nuclear warheads and 12,119 total nuclear warheads in the world. [8] Many of the decommissioned weapons were simply stored or partially dismantled, not destroyed.
As there are now not only 4f but also 5d and 6s subshells at similar energies, competition occurs once again with many irregular configurations; [50] this resulted in some dispute about where exactly the f-block is supposed to begin, but most who study the matter agree that it starts at lanthanum in accordance with the Aufbau principle. [27]
It is not clear how many elements beyond the expected island of stability are physically possible, whether period 8 is complete, or if there is a period 9. The International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) defines an element to exist if its lifetime is longer than 10 −14 seconds (0.01 picoseconds, or 10 femtoseconds), which is the ...
Triethanolamine is used primarily in making surfactants, such as for emulsifier.It is a common ingredient in formulations used for both industrial and consumer products. The triethanolamine neutralizes fatty acids, adjusts and buffers the pH, and solubilizes oils and other ingredients that are not completely soluble in wate