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Data are in current U.S. dollars. Dollar figures for GDP are converted from domestic currencies using single year official exchange rates. For a few countries where the official exchange rate does not reflect the rate effectively applied to actual foreign exchange transactions, an alternative conversion factor is used. [ 2 ]
In 2019, the financial industry contributed US$41.4 billion to South Africa's GDP. [37] In 2021, South Africa-based financial institutions managed more than US$1.41 trillion in assets. [38] The total market capitalization of the Johannesburg Stock Exchange is US$1.28 trillion as of October 2021. [39]
However, it is increasingly being recognized that tax havens, or corporate tax havens, have distorted economic data which produces artificially high, or inflated, GDP-per-capita figures. [15] It is estimated that over 15% of global jurisdictions are tax havens (see tax haven lists ). [ 16 ]
South Africa: 28% [203] 0% (below threshold) 45% 15% [204] 18% Taxation in South Africa South Korea [43] 24.2% [102] 6% + 1.8% [205] 42% [206] + 11.4% [205] 10% Taxation in South Korea South Sudan: 30% — — — Taxation in South Sudan Spain [40] 25% (in mainland) 4% (in Canary Islands) 0% (first €5,550 per year is tax free) 52.3
For the United States, the value was estimated to be between about 20% on the low end to nearly 50% on the high end, depending on the methodology being used. [45] Because many public policies are shaped by GDP calculations and by the related field of national accounts , [ 46 ] public policy might differ if unpaid work were included in total GDP.
Post-covid inflation spike in the US, gray column marks start of COVID in US [135] (2018-2024) Housing prices inflation from Q4 2020 to Q4 2021 in the United States 40% 20% 0% -20% -40% . In the United States, price increases for gasoline, food, and housing drove inflation in 2021. [136]
From January 2008 to December 2012, if you bought shares in companies when Walter Scott Jr. joined the board, and sold them when he left, you would have a -5.6 percent return on your investment, compared to a -2.8 percent return from the S&P 500.
Balance of trade with the United States. The 30 largest trade partners of the United States represent 87.9 percent of U.S. exports, and 87.4 percent of U.S. imports as of 2021. These figures do not include services or foreign direct investment. In 2023, Mexico is still the second largest trading partner of the United States after Canada. [1]