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Kabbalah or Qabalah (/ k ə ˈ b ɑː l ə, ˈ k æ b ə l ə / kə-BAH-lə, KAB-ə-lə; Hebrew: קַבָּלָה , romanized: Qabbālā, lit. 'reception, tradition') [1] [a] is an esoteric method, discipline and school of thought in Jewish mysticism. [2] It forms the foundation of mystical religious interpretations within Judaism.
This article lists figures in Kabbalah according to historical chronology and schools of thought. In popular reference, Kabbalah has been used to refer to the whole history of Jewish mysticism, but more accurately, and as used in academic Jewish studies, Kabbalah refers to the doctrines, practices and esoteric exegetical method in Torah, that emerged in 12th-13th century Southern France and ...
Traditionalist Kabbalah and its development in Hasidic Judaism often took negative views of secular wisdoms. While some historical Kabbalists were learned in the canon of medieval Jewish philosophy, and occasionally mathematics and sciences, its relationship to medieval Jewish philosophy (built on Ancient Greek science and cosmology) was ambiguous.
Kabbalah distinguishes between two types of Divine light that emanate through the 10 sefirot (Divine emanations) from the Infinite , to create or affect reality. There is a continual flow of a "lower" light, the Mimalei Kol Olmin , the light of eminence that "fills all worlds" is the creating force in each descending world, that itself ...
Kabbalah's beginnings date to the Middle Ages, originating in the Bahir [4] and the Zohar. [5] Although the earliest extant Hebrew kabbalistic manuscripts dating to the late 13th century contain diagrams, including one labelled "Tree of Wisdom," the now-iconic tree of life emerged during the fourteenth century.
Lurianic Kabbalah is a school of Kabbalah named after Isaac Luria (1534–1572), the Jewish rabbi who developed it. Lurianic Kabbalah gave a seminal new account of Kabbalistic thought that its followers synthesised with, and read into, the earlier Kabbalah of the Zohar that had disseminated in Medieval circles.
The term zimzum originates in the Kabbalah and refers to God’s contraction of himself before the creation of the world, and for the purpose of creating the world. To put it another way, the omnipresent God, who exists beyond time and space before creation, withdraws a part of his infinite presence into himself.
The 16th-century teachings of Isaac Luria, known as Lurianic Kabbalah, introduced complex ideas about the sefirot's dynamics and interactions. Luria's cosmology emphasized Binah's role in the process of Tikkun , or rectification, restoring divine order following the shattering of the vessels ( Shevirat HaKelim ).