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The amount of gas dissolved in a liquid is described by Henry's Law, which indicates that when the pressure of a gas in contact with a liquid is decreased, the amount of that gas dissolved in the liquid will also decrease proportionately. On ascent from a dive, inert gas comes out of solution in a process called "outgassing" or
Henry's law is a limiting law that only applies for "sufficiently dilute" solutions, while Raoult's law is generally valid when the liquid phase is almost pure or for mixtures of similar substances. [15] The range of concentrations in which Henry's law applies becomes narrower the more the system diverges from ideal behavior.
Narcosis while diving (also known as nitrogen narcosis, inert gas narcosis, raptures of the deep, Martini effect) is a reversible alteration in consciousness that occurs while diving at depth. It is caused by the anesthetic effect of certain gases at high partial pressure .
Diving physics, or the physics of underwater diving, is the basic aspects of physics which describe the effects of the underwater environment on the underwater diver and their equipment, and the effects of blending, compressing, and storing breathing gas mixtures, and supplying them for use at ambient pressure. These effects are mostly ...
Henry's law states: At a given temperature, the amount of gas that can dissolve in a fluid is directly proportional to the partial pressure of the gas. On short duration dives the P O 2 can be raised to 1.2 to 1.6 bar. This reduces the P N 2 and/or P He, and will shorten the required decompression for a given profile.
Not diving with nasal congestion, e.g. Hay fever, or the common cold. Checking before a dive to ensure that sinuses and middle ears will equalise without undue effort. Systemic decongestants have been used successfully, but may have undesirable side-effects, and there is a risk that they will wear off before surfacing. Topical decongestants do ...
Deep diving is underwater diving to a depth beyond the norm accepted by the associated community. In some cases this is a prescribed limit established by an authority, while in others it is associated with a level of certification or training, and it may vary depending on whether the diving is recreational , technical or commercial .
The exercise done during a dive can be considered under three aspects: the type of exercise, the stage of the dive in which it is done, and the intensity of the exercise. Each of these parameters is highly variable, which makes the combined effect complex to evaluate, as the same type of exercise can have different effects depending on when it ...