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  2. Glossary of language education terms - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glossary_of_language...

    Language learning requirements To learn language, students have four needs: They must be exposed to the language. They must understand its meaning and structure. And they must practice it. Teachers should hold their students as able. They should not over-explain or make things too easy. Learning comes through discovery. Language skills

  3. Language acquisition - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Language_acquisition

    Language acquisition is the process by which humans acquire the capacity to perceive and comprehend language. In other words, it is how human beings gain the ability to be aware of language, to understand it, and to produce and use words and sentences to communicate. Language acquisition involves structures, rules, and representation.

  4. Cognitive academic language proficiency - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cognitive_Academic...

    It is a prerequisite for learning to read and write and for overall academic success. The implications of the BICS and CALP concepts for children are that the second language or language of the classroom needs to be sufficiently well-developed for her or him to be able to meet the cognitive demands of the academic setting. [4]

  5. Comprehensible output - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comprehensible_output

    Another difficulty with CO is that pushing students to speak in a second language may be uncomfortable for them, raising the affective filter and thus hampering acquisition. When asked which aspects of foreign language learning caused them the most anxiety, students placed speaking in the foreign language at the top of the list. [ 5 ]

  6. Register (sociolinguistics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Register_(sociolinguistics)

    In sociolinguistics, a register is a variety of language used for a particular purpose or particular communicative situation. For example, when speaking officially or in a public setting, an English speaker may be more likely to follow prescriptive norms for formal usage than in a casual setting, for example, by pronouncing words ending in -ing with a velar nasal instead of an alveolar nasal ...

  7. Sequential bilingualism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sequential_bilingualism

    Formal language learning typically takes place in a classroom environment, where teaching of a second language is highly structured with a clear purpose. [3] For example, when a Russian student takes a course of Arabic in school, the student is undergoing formal lessons to acquire the second language.

  8. Processability theory - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Processability_theory

    Processability Theory is now a mature theory of grammatical development of learners' interlanguage. It is cognitively founded (hence applicable to any language), formal and explicit (hence empirically testable), and extended, having not only formulated and tested hypotheses about morphology, syntax and discourse-pragmatics, but having also paved the way for further developments at the ...

  9. Developmental linguistics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Developmental_linguistics

    Developmental linguistics is the study of the development of linguistic ability in an individual, particularly the acquisition of language in childhood. It involves research into the different stages in language acquisition, language retention, and language loss in both first and second languages, in addition to the area of bilingualism. Before ...