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Mac OS X succeeded classic Mac OS, the primary Macintosh operating system from 1984 to 2001. Its underlying architecture came from NeXT's NeXTSTEP, as a result of Apple's acquisition of NeXT, which also brought Steve Jobs back to Apple. The first desktop version, Mac OS X 10.0, was released on March 24, 2001.
XNU ("X is Not Unix") is the computer operating system (OS) kernel developed at Apple Inc. since December 1996 for use in the Mac OS X (now macOS) operating system and released as free and open-source software as part of the Darwin OS, which, in addition to being the basis for macOS, is also the basis for Apple TV Software, iOS, iPadOS, watchOS, visionOS, and tvOS.
The history of macOS, Apple's current Mac operating system formerly named Mac OS X until 2011 and then OS X until 2016, began with the company's project to replace its "classic" Mac OS. That system, up to and including its final release Mac OS 9 , was a direct descendant of the operating system Apple had used in its Mac computers since their ...
Rhapsody built on NeXTSTEP, porting the core system to the PowerPC architecture and adding a redesigned user interface based on the Platinum user interface from Mac OS 8. An emulation layer called Blue Box allowed Mac OS applications to run within an actual instance of the Mac OS and an integrated Java platform . [ 1 ]
Precursors to Mac OS X include OPENSTEP, Apple's Rhapsody project, and the Mac OS X Public Beta. macOS is based on Apple's open source Darwin operating system, which is based on the XNU kernel and BSD. [14] macOS is the basis for some of Apple's other operating systems, including iPhone OS/iOS, iPadOS, watchOS, tvOS, and visionOS.
IronPort AsyncOS is based on a FreeBSD kernel [16] Isilon Systems' OneFS, the operating system used on Isilon IQ-series clustered storage systems [17] Juniper Networks Junos [18] Junos prior to 5.0 was based on FreeBSD 2.2.6; Junos between 5.0 and 7.2 (inclusive) is based on FreeBSD 4.2; Junos 7.3 and higher is based on FreeBSD 4.10
The kernel of Darwin is XNU, a hybrid kernel which uses OSFMK 7.3 [14] (Open Software Foundation Mach Kernel) from the OSF, various elements of FreeBSD (including the process model, network stack, and virtual file system), [15] and an object-oriented device driver API called I/O Kit. [16]
Junos OS – a FreeBSD-based nonfree operating system distributed with Juniper Networks hardware. NomadBSD – a persistent live system for USB flash drives, based on FreeBSD. ClonOS – virtual hosting platform/appliance based on FreeBSD. pfSense – an open source firewall/router computer software distribution based on FreeBSD.