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The brainstem (or brain stem) is the stalk-like [1] : 152 part of the brain that interconnects the cerebrum and diencephalon with the spinal cord. [2] In the human brain, the brainstem is composed of the midbrain, the pons, and the medulla oblongata. [3] [1] : 152 The midbrain is continuous with the thalamus of the diencephalon through the ...
Referred pain, also called reflective pain, is pain perceived at a location other than the site of the painful stimulus.An example is the case of angina pectoris brought on by a myocardial infarction (heart attack), where pain is often felt in the left side of neck, left shoulder, and back rather than in the thorax (chest), the site of the injury.
The skeletal section of the head and neck forms the top part of the axial skeleton and is made up of the skull, hyoid bone, auditory ossicles, and cervical spine . The skull can be further subdivided into: the cranium (8 bones: frontal, 2-parietal, occipital, 2-temporal, sphenoid, ethmoid ), and. the facial bones (14 bones: 2-zygomatic, 2 ...
Bone pain originates from both the periosteum and the bone marrow which relay nociceptive signals to the brain creating the sensation of pain. Bone tissue is innervated by both myelinated (A beta and A delta fiber) and unmyelinated sensory neurons. In combination, they can provide an initial burst of pain, initiated by the faster myelinated ...
The coracoid process (from Greek κόραξ, raven [1]) is a small hook-like structure on the lateral edge of the superior anterior portion of the scapula (hence: coracoid, or "like a raven's beak"). Pointing laterally forward, it, together with the acromion, serves to stabilize the shoulder joint. It is palpable in the deltopectoral groove ...
Pineal gland. The pineal gland (also known as the pineal body [1] or epiphysis cerebri) is a small endocrine gland in the brain of most vertebrates. In the darkness the pineal gland produces melatonin, a serotonin -derived hormone, which modulates sleep patterns following the diurnal cycles. [2] The shape of the gland resembles a pine cone ...
The brain is the central organ of the human nervous system, and with the spinal cord makes up the central nervous system. The brain consists of the cerebrum, the brainstem and the cerebellum. It controls most of the activities of the body, processing, integrating, and coordinating the information it receives from the sense organs, and making ...
Tyrian purple pigment is mainly preserved in wall paintings and coffins, Giecco said. Excavations of the ancient Roman bathhouse in Carlisle are ongoing.