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A cel, short for celluloid, is a transparent sheet on which objects are drawn or painted for traditional, hand-drawn animation.Actual celluloid (consisting of cellulose nitrate and camphor) was used during the first half of the 20th century.
Traditional animation (or classical animation, cel animation, or hand-drawn animation) is an animation technique in which each frame is drawn by hand. The technique was the dominant form of animation of the 20th century, until there was a shift to computer animation in the industry, such as digital ink and paint and 3D computer animation .
Animation is a filmmaking technique whereby still images are manipulated to create moving images. In traditional animation, images are drawn or painted by hand on transparent celluloid sheets to be photographed and exhibited on film. Animation has been recognized as an artistic medium, specifically within the entertainment industry.
Animation is a filmmaking technique by which still images are manipulated to create moving images. In traditional animation , images are drawn or painted by hand on transparent celluloid sheets ( cels ) to be photographed and exhibited on film.
Even animation that looked traditional was often created fully with computers, helped by for instance cel-shading techniques to replicate the desired look of traditional animation (true real-time cel-shading was first introduced in 2000 by Sega's Jet Set Radio for their Dreamcast console). By 2004, only small productions were still created with ...
Cel shading or toon shading is a type of non-photorealistic rendering designed to make 3D computer graphics appear to be flat by using less shading color instead of a shade gradient or tints and shades. A cel shader is often used to mimic the style of a comic book or cartoon and/or give the render a characteristic paper-like texture. [1]
The animation cels were placed within the setup so that various objects could pass in front of and behind them, and the entire scene was shot using a horizontal camera. [3] The Tabletop process was used to create distinctive results in Fleischer's Betty Boop , Popeye the Sailor , and Color Classics cartoons.
In 1914, John Bray opened John Bray Studios, which revolutionized the way animation was created. [5] Earl Hurd, one of Bray's employees patented the cel technique. [6] This involved animating moving objects on transparent celluloid sheets. [7] Animators photographed the sheets over a stationary background image to generate the sequence of images.