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Sterile Insect Technique: Principles and Practice in Area-Wide Integrated Pest Management. Springer. ISBN 978-1-4020-4051-1. Regnault-Roger, Catherine; Philogene, Bernard JR (2008) Past and Current Prospects for the use of Botanicals and Plant allelochemicals in Integrated Pest Management. Pharm. Bio. 46(1–2): 41–52
The basic features of a typical rice IPM Farmer Field School are as follows: [4] [5] The IPM Field School is field based and lasts for a full cropping season. A rice FFS meets once a week with a total number of meetings that might range from at least 10 up to 16 meetings. The primary learning material at a Farmers Field School is the rice field.
Forest IPM is utilized for the whole life of the tree, from site prep to harvest. An IPM treatment is utilized before the cost of the treatment is equal to the reduction in crop value due to past injury, which is called the economic injury level. [1] Forest integrated pest management has a strong emphasis on intensive forest management. [2]
Although the spongy moth was not fully controlled by these natural enemies, the frequency, duration, and severity of its outbreaks were reduced and the program was regarded as successful. This program also led to the development of many concepts, principles, and procedures for the implementation of biological control programs. [7] [8] [9]
Pest control measures may be performed as part of an integrated pest management strategy. In agriculture, pests are kept at bay by mechanical , cultural , chemical and biological means. [ 2 ] Ploughing and cultivation of the soil before sowing mitigate the pest burden, and crop rotation helps to reduce the build-up of a certain pest species.
To deal with the paradox, growers may turn to integrated pest management (IPM), [5] an ecological approach to pest control that accounts for the interactions between pests and their environment. [6] There is not only one way to practice IPM, but some methods include using mechanical trapping devices or increasing the abundance of natural predators.
Integrated pest management in museums, libraries, archives and private collections is the practice of monitoring and managing pest and environmental information with pest control methods to prevent pest damage to collections and cultural property. Preserving cultural property is the ultimate goal for these institutions.
In agriculture, integrated pest management (IPM) or integrated pest control (IPC) is understood as a strategy that uses a variety of complementary methods: physical, mechanical, chemical, biological, genetic, legal and cultural for control of pests. These methods are applied in three stages: prevention, observation and application.