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1 Maccabees, [note 1] also known as the First Book of Maccabees, First Maccabees, and abbreviated as 1 Macc., is a deuterocanonical book which details the history of the Maccabean Revolt against the Seleucid Empire as well as the founding and earliest history of the independent Hasmonean kingdom.
The campaigns against Timothy (Greek: Timotheus) and the local Gentiles (non-Jews) are recorded in the books of 1 Maccabees (1 Maccabees 5), 2 Maccabees (2 Maccabees 10:14–38, 2 Maccabees 12:10–37), and Josephus's Antiquities of the Jews Book 12, Chapter 8. 2 Maccabees also mentions Timothy and his armies briefly in passing in while ...
5 Maccabees, an Arabic text which offers an account of the history of the Maccabees from 186 BC to 6 BC. The same title is occasionally ascribed to a Syriac version of the 6th book of Josephus' The Jewish War. [2] [3] 6 Maccabees, a Syriac poem that possibly shared a lost source with 4 Maccabees. [3] 7 Maccabees, a Syriac text which contains ...
The Battle of Beth Zechariah is recorded in the book of 1 Maccabees (1 Maccabees 6:28–47) and in two of Josephus's histories: Antiquities of the Jews Book 12, Chapter 9 and The War of the Jews Book 1.1.41–46. [1] 1 Maccabees is considered the main source on the battle; its detailed description of the Seleucid forces suggests that the author ...
The book of 1 Maccabees occasionally uses archaic phrasings to present the deeds of the Hasmoneans as similar or equivalent to those of earlier heroes of Jewish Scripture. The defeated Seleucid force retreats to the "land of the Philistines ", but the Philistines were no longer a polity in the Hellenistic era.
Most scholars accept that 1 Maccabees Chapter 5 and 2 Maccabees Chapter 12 are describing the same rough struggle; they both mention a struggle at Carnaim and include many similar locations. Bezalel Bar-Kochva additionally argues that both 2 Maccabees Chapter 8 and 10 are also referring to the same campaign. In Chapter 8, the inclusion of the ...
The Battle of Beth Zur is recorded in the books of 1 Maccabees (1 Maccabees 4:26–35), 2 Maccabees (2 Maccabees 11:1–15), and Josephus's Antiquities of the Jews Book 12, Chapter 7. The main point of divergence is timing: according to 1 Maccabees, Lysias initiated an expedition, was defeated at Beth Zur, Jerusalem was taken, the Second Temple ...
This causes most scholars to believe that Chapter 11 and Chapter 13 are two separate accounts of what the epitomist considered the same campaign. The general assessment is to treat the account here as of events from the second expedition of Lysias described in 1 Maccabees Chapter 6. However, there are major differences between these accounts. [132]