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Thionyl chloride is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula SOCl 2.It is a moderately volatile, colourless liquid with an unpleasant acrid odour.Thionyl chloride is primarily used as a chlorinating reagent, with approximately 45,000 tonnes (50,000 short tons) per year being produced during the early 1990s, [5] but is occasionally also used as a solvent.
Arsenic trichloride can be prepared by the reaction of arsenic oxide and sulfur monochloride. This method requires simple apparatus and proceeds efficiently: [8] 2 As 2 O 3 + 6 S 2 Cl 2 → 4 AsCl 3 + 3 SO 2 + 9 S. A convenient laboratory method is refluxing arsenic(III) oxide with thionyl chloride: [9] 2 As 2 O 3 + 3 SOCl 2 → 2 AsCl 3 + 3 SO 2
It occurs in compounds such as thionyl fluoride, SOF 2. Thionyl chloride , SOCl 2 , is a common reagent used in organic synthesis to convert carboxylic acids to acyl chlorides . In organic chemistry , the thionyl group is known as a sulfoxide group or sulfinyl group, and has the general structure RS(=O)R'.
a mineral acid with many industrial uses; commonly used in the laboratory preparation of hydrogen halides Phosphorus pentachloride: one of the most important phosphorus chlorides; a chlorinating reagent. Also used as a dehydrating agent for oximes which turn them into nitriles. Phosphorus tribromide: used for the conversion of alcohols to alkyl ...
In the patented formation of 1-O-acetyl-2,3,5-tri-O-benzoyl-β-L-ribofuranose, a reactor containing thionyl chloride (5 ml) and methyl alcohol (100 ml) is stirred at 0–5 °C for 10 to 15 minutes. After this period, 10 g (ratio-wise) of ribose is added to the flask. The flask is then stirred and maintained at its temperature for 8 hours.
Thionyl chloride can be used in place of acetic anhydride to trigger the elimination for forming the electrophilic intermediate and supplying chloride as the nucleophile to give an α-chloro-thioether: [6] Example of the Pummerer rearrangement using thionyl chloride. Other anhydrides and acyl halides can give similar products. Inorganic acids ...
To drive the equilibrium, dehydrating agents such as thionyl chloride can be added: [2] C 6 H 6 + H 2 SO 4 + SOCl 2 → C 6 H 5 SO 3 H + SO 2 + 2 HCl. Historically, mercurous sulfate has been used to catalyze the reaction. [3] Chlorosulfuric acid is also an effective agent: C 6 H 6 + HSO 3 Cl → C 6 H 5 SO 3 H + HCl
Greenwood & Earnshaw (Chemistry of the Elements) indicates that this is the standard lab method, but on an industrial scale it is done via SO3 + SCl2 → SOCl2 + SO2. The third method shown presently is in effect a sum of the second method + this industrial route. I will add the industrial process to the page. Walkerma 15:58, 6 Apr 2005 (UTC)