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In electrical engineering and computer science, Lloyd's algorithm, also known as Voronoi iteration or relaxation, is an algorithm named after Stuart P. Lloyd for finding evenly spaced sets of points in subsets of Euclidean spaces and partitions of these subsets into well-shaped and uniformly sized convex cells. [1]
[1] Relaxation methods were developed for solving large sparse linear systems, which arose as finite-difference discretizations of differential equations. [2] [3] They are also used for the solution of linear equations for linear least-squares problems [4] and also for systems of linear inequalities, such as those arising in linear programming.
For this reason, the name L4 has been generalized and no longer refers to only Liedtke's original implementation. It now applies to the whole microkernel family including the L4 kernel interface and its different versions. L4 is widely deployed. One variant, OKL4 from Open Kernel Labs, shipped in billions of mobile devices. [3] [4]
In object-oriented programming, the iterator pattern is a design pattern in which an iterator is used to traverse a container and access the container's elements. The iterator pattern decouples algorithms from containers; in some cases, algorithms are necessarily container-specific and thus cannot be decoupled.
L4, the transport layer in the OSI model of computer communications; L4, the fourth Lagrangian point in an astronomical orbital configuration; L 4, an L p space for p=4 (sometimes called Lebesgue spaces) L-4, the fourth iteration of L-carrier, high capacity frequency division multiplex over coaxial cable used by the Bell System
Here x n is the nth approximation or iteration of x and x n+1 is the next or n + 1 iteration of x. Alternately, superscripts in parentheses are often used in numerical methods, so as not to interfere with subscripts with other meanings. (For example, x (n+1) = f(x (n)).)
FOR i FROM 1 BY 2 TO 3 WHILE i≠4 DO ~ OD Further, the single iteration range could be replaced by a list of such ranges. There are several unusual aspects of the construct only the do ~ od portion was compulsory, in which case the loop will iterate indefinitely. thus the clause to 100 do ~ od, will iterate exactly 100 times.
[1] The goal of loop unwinding is to increase a program's speed by reducing or eliminating instructions that control the loop, such as pointer arithmetic and "end of loop" tests on each iteration; [2] reducing branch penalties; as well as hiding latencies, including the delay in reading data from memory. [3]