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Fractures of the mandible are common. However, coronoid process fractures are very rare. [1] Isolated fractures of the coronoid process caused by direct trauma are rare, as it is anatomically protected by the complex zygomatic arch/ temporo-zygomatic bone and their associated muscles.
The coronoid process is a thin, triangular eminence, which is flattened from side to side and varies in shape and size. The condyloid process is thicker than the coronoid, and consists of two portions: the mandibular condyle, and the constricted portion which supports it, the neck. The condyle is the most superior part of the mandible and is ...
In humans, the mandible, or lower jaw, is connected to the temporal bone of the skull via the temporomandibular joint. This is an extremely complex joint which permits movement in all planes. The muscles of mastication originate on the skull and insert into the mandible, thereby allowing for jaw movements during contraction.
The coronoid head of the masseter's tendon and muscle fibers run posterolaterally from the coronoid process of the mandible towards the posterior third of the zygomatic arch. Its function is believed to be the retraction of the mandible and the stabilization of the mandibular coronoid process. [6] [7]
A myotendinous rupture of the temporalis muscle can occur during a seizure due to extreme clenching of the jaw. During a seizure, the contralateral temporalis muscle can enter spastic paralysis, this clenching in extreme cases can lead to a rupture specifically on the myotendinous insertion at the coronoid process of the mandible. [7]
Temporomandibular disorder (TMD, also termed "temporomandibular joint pain-dysfunction syndrome") is pain and dysfunction of the TMJ and the muscles of mastication (the muscles that move the jaw). TMD does not fit neatly into any one etiologic category since the pathophysiology is poorly understood and it represents a range of distinct ...
The coronoid bone characteristically forms most of the outer edge of the tall coronoid process, which attaches to jaw muscles. The surangular bone forms the upper part of the back of the jaw. The rear tip of the jaw is formed by the articular bone while the inside edge of the jaw possesses a long, plate-like angular bone and a thin prearticular ...
The pronounced coronoid process is labeled "cp". coronoid process The coronoid process is a bony projection that extends upwards from the upper surface of the lower jaw behind the tooth row. This process serves as an attachment site for muscles that close the jaw; a higher coronoid process increases the lever arm of these muscles, and thus the ...