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A study in 1981 estimated that the dose from using a thorium mantle every weekend for a year would be 3–6 microsieverts (0.3–0.6 mrem), tiny in comparison to the normal annual background radiation dose of around 2.4 mSv (240 mrem), although this assumes the thorium remains intact rather than airborne. A person actually ingesting a mantle ...
This helps the compound remain solid in a flame, and it considerably increases the brightness of the flame; this is the main reason thorium is used in gas lamp mantles. [151] All substances emit energy (glow) at high temperatures, but the light emitted by thorium is nearly all in the visible spectrum, hence the brightness of thorium mantles. [60]
Thorium resources are the estimated mineral reserves of thorium on Earth. Thorium is a future potential source of low-carbon energy. [1] Thorium has been demonstrated to perform as a nuclear fuel in several reactor designs. [2] [3] It is present with a higher abundance than uranium in the crust of the earth. Thorium resources have not been ...
A glowing Coleman white gas lantern mantle. The glowing element is mainly ThO 2 doped with CeO 2 , heated by the Ce-catalyzed oxidation of the natural gas with air. Building on its distinct surface interactions, ceria finds further use as a sensor in catalytic converters in automotive applications, controlling the air-exhaust ratio to reduce NO ...
In 2018, there were 417 points (about 650 lanterns) of street gas lighting in Prague. [56] [57] During Advent and Christmas, lanterns on the Charles Bridge are managed manually by a lamplighter in historic uniform. [58] The plan to reintroduce gas lights in Old Prague was proposed in 2002, and adopted by the Municipality of Prague in January ...
Thorium dioxide (ThO 2), also called thorium(IV) oxide, is a crystalline solid, often white or yellow in colour. Also known as thoria, it is mainly a by-product of lanthanide and uranium production. [4] Thorianite is the name of the mineralogical form of thorium dioxide. It is moderately rare and crystallizes in an isometric system.
A kerosene lantern, also known as a "barn lantern" or "hurricane lantern", is a flat-wick lamp made for portable and outdoor use. They are made of soldered or crimped-together sheet-metal stampings, with tin-plated sheet steel being the most common material, followed by brass and copper. There are three types: dead-flame, hot-blast, and cold-blast.
A Coleman white gas lantern mantle burning at full brightness The first historical application of lanthanum was in gas lantern mantles . Carl Auer von Welsbach used a mixture of lanthanum oxide and zirconium oxide , which he called Actinophor and patented in 1886.
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