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The Kaplan–Meier estimator is one of the most frequently used methods of survival analysis. The estimate may be useful to examine recovery rates, the probability of death, and the effectiveness of treatment. It is limited in its ability to estimate survival adjusted for covariates; parametric survival models and the Cox proportional hazards ...
Survival analysis. Survival analysis is a branch of statistics for analyzing the expected duration of time until one event occurs, such as death in biological organisms and failure in mechanical systems. This topic is called reliability theory, reliability analysis or reliability engineering in engineering, duration analysis or duration ...
The Nelson–Aalen estimator is a non-parametric estimator of the cumulative hazard rate function in case of censored data or incomplete data. [1] It is used in survival theory, reliability engineering and life insurance to estimate the cumulative number of expected events. An "event" can be the failure of a non-repairable component, the death ...
The survival function is a function that gives the probability that a patient, device, or other object of interest will survive past a certain time. [1] The survival function is also known as the survivor function[2] or reliability function. [3] The term reliability function is common in engineering while the term survival function is used in a ...
Accelerated failure time model. In the statistical area of survival analysis, an accelerated failure time model (AFT model) is a parametric model that provides an alternative to the commonly used proportional hazards models. Whereas a proportional hazards model assumes that the effect of a covariate is to multiply the hazard by some constant ...
Hazard ratio. In survival analysis, the hazard ratio (HR) is the ratio of the hazard rates corresponding to the conditions characterised by two distinct levels of a treatment variable of interest. For example, in a clinical study of a drug, the treated population may die at twice the rate per unit time [clarify] of the control population.
Epidemiology. In epidemiology, relative survival (as opposed to overall survival and associated with excess hazard rates) is defined as the ratio of observed survival in a population to the expected or background survival rate. [3] It can be thought of as the kaplan-meier survivor function for a particular year, divided by the expected survival ...
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