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This is a list of conflicts in Europe ordered chronologically, including wars between European states, civil wars within European states, wars between a European state and a non-European state that took place within Europe, militarized interstate disputes, and global conflicts in which Europe was a theatre of war.
1600 1601 Franco-Savoyard War (1600–1601) Kingdom of France: Duchy of Savoy c. 1600 1866 Navajo Wars Crown of Castile Spain Mexico United States: Navajo: December 1611 December 1611 Conquest of Bakla: Mughal Empire: Chandradwip Kingdom Portuguese and Dutch allies 1600 1611 Polish–Swedish War (1600–1611) Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth ...
The Thirty Years' War, [j] from 1618 to 1648, was one of the most destructive conflicts in European history.Fought primarily in Central Europe, an estimated 4.5 to 8 million soldiers and civilians died from the effects of battle, famine, or disease, while parts of Germany reported population declines of over 50%. [19]
The war ended with the Treaty of Münster, a part of the wider Peace of Westphalia. During the war, Germany's population was reduced by 30% on average. In the territory of Brandenburg, the losses had amounted to half, while in some areas an estimated two thirds of the population died. The population of the Czech lands declined by a third.
The First Civil War has ended in a victory for Parliament. 1647: Seven-year-old Mehmed IV becomes sultan. 1647–1652: The Great Plague of Seville. 1648: The Peace of Westphalia ends the Thirty Years' War and the Eighty Years' War and marks the ends of Spain and the Holy Roman Empire as major European powers. 1648–1653: Fronde civil war in ...
1645–1669: Ottoman war with Venice. The Ottomans invade Crete and capture Canea. 1647–1652: The Great Plague of Seville. 1648: The Peace of Westphalia ends the Thirty Years' War and the Eighty Years' War and marks the ends of Spain and the Holy Roman Empire as major European powers. Map of Europe in 1648 at the end of the Thirty Years' War
21 March, Battle of Stow-on-the-Wold the last pitched battle of the First Civil War is a victory for the New Model Army; 13 April, Siege of Exeter ended with the surrender of Royalist garrison. 5 May, Charles surrendered to a Scottish army at Southwell, Nottinghamshire; 6 May, Newark fell to the Parliamentarians
The English Civil War was a series of civil wars and political machinations between Royalists and Parliamentarians in the Kingdom of England [b] from 1642 to 1651. Part of the wider 1639 to 1653 Wars of the Three Kingdoms , the struggle consisted of the First English Civil War and the Second English Civil War .