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Thumb hypoplasia is a spectrum of congenital abnormalities of the thumb varying from small defects to complete absence of the thumb. [1] It can be isolated, when only the thumb is affected, and in 60% of the cases [ 2 ] it is associated with radial dysplasia [ 1 ] (or radial club, radius dysplasia, longitudinal radial deficiency).
The most common complication after surgery is pain persisting in the thumb. Over long term, there is pain relief, but on short term, patients experience pain from the surgery itself. The main complaint is a burning sensation or hypersensitivity over the incision. Some patients develop a complex regional pain syndrome. This is a syndrome of ...
Tibial hemimelia-polysyndactyly-triphalangeal thumb syndrome is a rare genetic limb malformation syndrome which is characterized by thumb triphalangy, polysyndactyly of the hand and foot, and hypoplasia/aplasia of the tibia bone.
Hypoplasia is a congenital condition, while hyperplasia generally refers to excessive cell growth later in life. (Atrophy, the wasting away of already existing cells, is technically the direct opposite of both hyperplasia and hypertrophy.) Hypoplasia can be present in any tissue or organ.
With gamekeeper's thumb, where the ulnar collateral ligament (UCL) is damaged, thumb functional abilities may be diminished. [4] For fingertip deformities, such as in mallet finger, pain and fingernail disruption may also be observed. [13] Rheumatoid arthritis of the hands may cause hand deformities.
Pain in varying severity is a common symptom in most types of arthritis. [ 45 ] [ 46 ] Other symptoms include swelling , joint stiffness , redness, and aching around the joint(s). [ 2 ] Arthritic disorders like lupus and rheumatoid arthritis can affect other organs in the body, leading to a variety of symptoms including: [ 3 ]
Congenital trigger thumb is a trigger thumb in infants and young children. Triggering, clicking or snapping is observed by flexion or extension of the interphalangeal joint (IPJ). In the furthest stage, no extension is possible and there is a fixed flexion deformity of the thumb in the IPJ.
Facial features (A), left hand and feet showing broad thumb and big toes (B, C) and X-ray of both hands showing short broad thumbs (D). (Limb Malformations & Skeletal Dysplasia) Rubinstein–Taybi syndrome presents itself from birth, and is usually hallmarked by delayed physical and cognitive growth. [citation needed]