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Similar to a classical zero-sum game, a zero-sum quantum refereed game [1] is a quantum refereed game with the additional constraint () + =.. It is natural to assume Alice and Bob play independent strategies in a zero-sum quantum refereed game, since it cannot simultaneously be to both players' advantage to communicate directly with one another or to initially share an entanglement state ...
Example scenario where communication between Alice and Bob is intercepted by Mallory. Alice and Bob are fictional characters commonly used as placeholders in discussions about cryptographic systems and protocols, [1] and in other science and engineering literature where there are several participants in a thought experiment.
The incidence coloring game is a graph coloring game, introduced by Andres, [28] and similar to the vertex coloring game, except Alice and Bob construct a proper incidence coloring instead of a proper vertex coloring. Its rules are as follows: Alice and Bob are coloring the incidences of a graph G with a set k of colors.
A basic quantum coin flipping protocol involves two people: Alice and Bob. [11] Alice sends Bob a set number of Κ photon pulses in the quantum states | . Each of these photon pulses is independently prepared following a random choice by Alice of basis α i and bit c i where i = 1, 2, 3...Κ. Bob then measures the pulses from Alice by ...
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Bob sends all of the puzzles (i.e. encrypted messages) to Alice, who chooses one randomly, and solves it. The decrypted solution contains an identifier as well as a session key, so Alice can communicate back to Bob which puzzle she has solved. Both parties now have a common key; Alice, because she solved a puzzle, and Bob, because he sent the ...
Alice&Bob -- Paris startup that is building what it says are fault-tolerant quantum processors -- has raised €27 million (just under $30 million at today's rates), money that it will use to ...
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